Effect of mineral nutrients on spot blotch severity in wheat,and associated increases in grain yield |
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| Institution: | 1. Soil Science Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Nepal;2. CIMMYT, South Asia Regional Office, P.O. Box 5186, Kathmandu, Nepal;3. Institute of Agriculture and Animal Science, Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal;1. Associate Editor-in-Chief, Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China;2. Guest Editor, Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China;3. Guest Editor, Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China;4. Guest Editor, Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics, Ministry of Agriculture/Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, P.R.China;1. Faculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC 3363, Australia;2. Department of Agronomy, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh, 2202, Bangladesh;3. School of Ecosystem and Forest Sciences, The University of Melbourne, 4 Water Street, Creswick, VIC 3363, Australia;4. Department of Economic Development, Jobs, Transport and Resources, Private Bag 260, Horsham, VIC 3401, Australia;5. School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom;6. Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, Centre for AgriBioscience, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia;7. Birmingham Institute of Forest Research, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, United Kingdom;1. State Key Laboratory of Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110164, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;3. Key Laboratory of Pollution Ecology and Environmental Engineering, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Sheyang 110016, China;4. Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Harbin 150081, China;1. USDA-ARS, Center for Grain and Animal Health Research, 1515 College Avenue, Manhattan, KS 66502, USA;2. Department of Grain Science and Industry, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, USA |
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| Abstract: | Spot blotch, caused by Cochliobolus sativus, is a serious disease of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) in the warm lowlands of South Asia. A field study was conducted using two wheat varieties (Bhrikuti and Sonalika) during the 2001 and 2002 wheat seasons in Rampur, Nepal, to determine the effect of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and chlorine fertilization on reducing spot blotch severity in wheat, and its associated increase in grain yield. Application of N alone reduced spot blotch severity by 8% in 2002. Phosphorus fertilization had no effect on spot blotch development. The balanced application of N, P, and K reduced disease severity by 15 and 22% in 2001 and 2002, respectively. Application of KCl as well as CaCl2 reduced spot blotch severity, but the former caused 11% greater reduction than the latter. The two varieties responded differently to the mineral nutrients’ effect on spot blotch severity, suggesting the nutrients’ importance in cultivar selection when considering the effect of soil fertility on susceptibility to foliar diseases. The lower disease severity and higher grain yield observed after the application of KCl compared to CaCl2 showed that KCl should be used on K-deficient soils in the warmer wheat growing regions of South Asia where spot blotch is a serious perennial wheat disease in intensive rice–wheat cropping systems. |
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