Width of clover strips and wheat rows influence grain yield in winter wheat/white clover intercropping |
| |
| Institution: | 1. Department of Ecology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, DK-1958 Frederiksberg, Denmark;2. Department of Agroecology, Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences, P.O. Box 50, DK-8830 Tjele, Denmark;1. AGIR, Université de Toulouse, INRA, INPT, INP-EI PURPAN, Castanet-Tolosan, France;2. Chambre Régionale d’Agriculture Occitanie, Castanet-Tolosan, 31321, France;3. CIRAD, UMR SYSTEM Univ. Montpellier, CIHEAM-IAMM, CIRAD, INRA, Montpellier SupAgro, 34980 Montpellier, France;1. College of Resources and Environment, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, Yunnan, 650201, China;2. Department of Plant Sciences, The University of Tennessee, 605 Airways Blvd., Jackson, TN, 38301, USA;3. Yunnan Provincial Department of Education, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China;1. Northern Great Plains Research Laboratory, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Mandan, ND 58554, United States;2. Department of Ecosystem Science and Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, United States;3. Millican Farms, LLC, Millican, TX 77866, United States;4. Department of Plant Sciences, University of California – Davis, Davis, CA 95616, United States;1. Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730020, China;3. National Engineering Research Center for Water Saving Irrigation at Yangling, Yangling 712100, China;1. Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China;2. Institute of Water Saving Agriculture in Arid Regions of China, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China;3. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, 712100, China;1. Faculty of Agriculture, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran;2. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Campus of Agriculture & Natural Resources, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran;3. Saffron Institute, University of Torbat-e-Heydarieh, Torbat-e-Heydarieh, Iran |
| |
| Abstract: | Cereal–legume intercropping offers potential benefits in low-input cropping systems, where nutrient inputs, in particular nitrogen (N), are limited. In the present study, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and white clover (Trifolium repens L.) were intercropped by sowing the wheat into rototilled strips in an established stand of white clover.A field experiment was performed in two fields starting in two different years to explore the effects of width of the wheat rows and clover strips on the competition between the species and on wheat yields. The factors were intercropping (clover sole crop, wheat sole crop and wheat/clover intercropping), rototilled band width, sowing width and wheat density in a factorial experimental design that enabled some of the interactions between the factors to be estimated. The measurements included grain yield, ear density, grain weight, grain N concentration, dry matter and N in above-ground biomass of wheat, clover and weeds and profiles of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) within the crop canopy.Intercropping of winter wheat and clover resulted in wheat grain yield decreases of 10–25% compared with a wheat sole crop. The yield reductions were likely caused by interspecific competition for light and N during vegetative growth, and for soil water during grain filling. N uptake in the wheat intercrop increased during late season growth, resulting in only small differences in total N uptake between wheat intercrops and sole crops, but increased grain N concentrations in the intercrop. Interspecific competition during vegetative wheat growth was reduced by increasing width of the rototilled strips from 7 to 14 cm, resulting in higher grain yields and increased grain N uptake. Increasing the sowing width of the wheat crop from 3 to 6 cm increased interspecific interactions and reduced wheat intraspecific competition during the entire growing season, leading to improved grain yields and higher grain N uptake. |
| |
| Keywords: | |
| 本文献已被 ScienceDirect 等数据库收录！ |
|
