高校园区几种人工植物群落的生态效应研究

以河南科技学院东区校园的3种人工植物群落及裸地(对照)为对象,通过对群落内一些气象要素的实地观测,比较详尽的分析研究了这几种植物群落的园林生态效应。结果表明:(1)植物群落内的光照度、地表(0 cm)温度、表层(-5.0 cm)土壤温度、空气温度、空气湿度的日变化曲线与对照(裸地)日变化曲线相似。(2)混合草坪—黄杨—国槐群落(草灌乔)在3种观测的植物群落中,其生态效应最为明显。与对照(裸地)相比,它的遮光率、地表(0 cm)的平均降温率、表层(-5.0 cm)土温的平均降温率、气温平均降温率、平均增湿效应分别为36.3%、34.7%、18.9%、6.9%、13.9%;桐树林群落(草乔)次之,而混合草坪—黄杨群落(草灌)为最低。据此,提出了优化校园园林生态系统结构的措施。

A Study on Ecological Effects of Different Artificial Plant Communities

Taking three artificial plant communities in Henan Institute of Science and Technology as the research targets,after thoroughly analyzing the meteorologic factors within the communities,the ecological effects of these plant communities were studied.The study results showed that: 1) The annual change curve of light,surface temperature,soil humidity,atmospheric temperature and atmospheric humidity were similar to that of the control(bare land);2) Among the three kinds of plant communities,the ecological effect of mixed community of grass,populus and Sophora was the best,with the sunshine shadowed rate,soil surface temperature lapse rate,temperature lapse rate in soil 5 cm depth,average atmospheric temperature lapse rate and average humidity increase effect were 36.3 %,34.7 %,18.9 %,6.9 % and 13.9 % respectively.Next came the community of grass and tree,that of the grass and populus mixed community was the lowest.The strategies for optimize gardening ecological structure in campus of high school were proposed.