欧盟农村生态补偿政策研究——以苏格兰农村优先支持计划为例

以苏格兰农村优先支持计划为例,探讨欧盟农村生态补偿政策经验对中国的启示。依次阐述苏格兰政策实施目标和操作程序,包括意图陈述、建议书、评估审查、签署农村发展协议、资金申请和监督检查、违约和惩罚6个步骤。其中,保持国家政策与地方政策的一致性,在生态目标和资金补贴方面建立密切联系;完善的评估程序和科学的补偿制度,促进了环境友好型措施的持续实施;配套的检查监督和违约惩罚机制,保障了资金支付的执行力等,这三方面对中国现行农村生态补偿机制建构具有借鉴意义。

Researcb on EU Rural Eco-compensation Policy: Taking Scotland Rural Priority Scbeme as An Example

Taking Scotland Rural Priority Scheme as an example, experiences of EU rural eco-compensation policy were dis-cussed to enlighten China. The implementing objective and processing program of Scotland policy including 6 procedures: the statement of Intent, proposal, assessment, contract signing, claims and inspections, breaches and penalties were respectively elaborated. Therein 3 meaningful aspects for the construction of present compensation mechanism in China were as following:keeping consistency between national and local policies to establish close connection in eco-goal and funding subsidy, setting both improved assessment procedure and scientific compensation system to promote the lasting implementation of environmen-tal-friendly measures, making correspondent check and monitor mechanism together with breach and penalty mechanism to se-cure the payment execution.