关于蟹-稻复合生态系统种养比例问题的探讨

稻田养蟹是一种高效立体生态农业。目前,关于种稻和蟹沟面积最佳比例问题尚无明确定论。就蟹沟面积和种稻面积比例问题展开了讨论,并得出结论,从氮、磷、钾3种元素角度考虑,其比例应分别为26.53%、13.53%和42.37%。但考虑到补充大量外源氮肥时水体分子氨会对蟹造成毒害,建议将蟹沟面积比例控制在26.53%左右。在不施或少施肥料的情况下,蟹代谢废物中的氮、磷完全能够满足水稻生长,只需补充钾肥。

Discussion on Area Proportion of Rice-CrabIntegrated Ecosystem

Crab farming in rice field is an efficient and stereoscopic ecological agriculture. At present,the optimal area pro-portion of rice planting distribution and crab ditch is still inconclusive.In this paper,the area proportion was discussed,and concluded that,from the point of view of nitrogen,phosphorus and potassium utilization, the proportion should be 26.53%, 13.53% and 42.37%,respectively. Moreover,considering the large amountsaddition of exogenous nitrogen fertilizer,the high con-centration of un-ionized ammonia could cause toxicity to crabs. It suggested that the best proportion should be controlled at around 26.53%. Under the condition of no or little fertilizer application,the nitrogen and phosphorus in the metabolic waste of crabs can fully fitthe growth of rice,and only need to add potash fertilizer.