中俄原油管道项目特点与经验启示

中俄原油管道作为国内第一条途经多年冻土区的原油管道。该项目的主要特点：长距离穿越多年冻土区和原始森林区,采取常温输送的输油工艺,沿线野生动植物种类繁多,生态环境脆弱。项目建设取得的主要经验：多年冻土区采用＂埋地＋厚壁管＋换填＋保温层＂的管道敷设方法,纵坡地段采用木屑护坡,多年冻土区选择冬季施工,边境施工采用＂封闭建设区＂的管理模式等。该项目实测的油温、黏度等油品物性,根据实测地温反推得到的传热系数等基本参数可为类似项目提供设计依据,运行过程中发现的设计余量小、管道结露等相关问题可为今后类似项目提供参考。（参9）

Characteristics and experience enlightenment of Sino-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline project

Sino-Russia Crude Oil Pipeline, the first domestic crude oil pipeline passing through permafrost regions, and its features are that a long distance in permafrost zone and pristine forest, transportation at ambient temperature, various species of wild plants and animals and fragile ecological environment along the pipeline. Experience obtained from the project construction includes that using ＂buried＋thick wall pipe＋replacement fiUing＋insulating layer＂ laying method in permafrost regions, using sawdust to protect slope in longitudinal slope, carrying out construction in winter in permafrost zone, taking ＂closed construction zone＂ management mode in the border construction. Heat transfer coefficient deduced from oil temperature and viscosity measured in this project can provide basis for design of similar projects. Little design margin, pipeline dewing and other related issues found in the proiect can provide a reference to the similar oroiects in the future.