高寒冻土区管道露管原因分析及治理

冻胀、翘曲、水土流失等多种因素都会造成冻土区管道表层覆土减少甚至管道裸露,不同原因引起的露管需要采取不同的处置方法,因此必须首先检测确认露管原因,才能有针对性地制定治理措施。上拱、翘曲等冻土灾害都会造成管道的弯曲变形,而受水土流失影响的管道则会保持平直。实践中形成了一种探管仪结合水准仪的管道平顺性检测方法,该方法无需开挖管道和安装设备,只进行地面检测就能够快速判断管道是否发生弯曲变形。通过对2个典型的露管案例进行分析,发现冻土融化引起的管堤下沉、水流冲刷造成的水土流失是冻土管道露管的主要原因。针对冻土区管道露管原因,提出了清淤、换填、重新回填和修筑水工的治理措施,并针对不同的原因给出了推荐做法。

Causes and counter-measures for exposed pipeline in frigid zone

Frost heaving, warping, soil erosion etc. can cause covering soil loss even pipeline exposure in frost soil, pipeline exposure caused by different reasons needs to be treated with different measures, so it is necessary to find out the causes first, then a specific measures can be formulated. Arch, warping and other permafrost disasters can cause bending and deformation of pipeline, but the pipeline subject to soil erosion will remain straight. A field detective method for the pipeline straightness which combines pipe locator and level instrument has been developed, this method can quickly find whether there is a bending in the pipeline by ground detection, without excavating pipeline and installing equipments. By analyzing two typical cases of exposed pipeline, it is found that settlement of pipe embankment caused by melting frost soil and soil erosion caused by water erosion are the main reasons of exposed pipeline in frost soil. In view of reasons of exposed pipeline in frost soil, measures such as dredging, change filling, refilling and construction of hydraulic work. According to different causes, the recommended procedures are put forward.