马尾松林近自然不同经营管理措施下土壤肥力

  目的  研究近自然不同经营管理措施对马尾松Pinus massoniana林下土壤肥力的影响。  方法  在贵阳市近自然经营开阳项目区分别选取马尾松林近自然择伐、近自然间伐、近自然抚育及对照组，综合评价不同管理措施对马尾松林下土壤肥力的影响。  结果  近自然择伐的土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全钾、全磷、速效磷、脲酶、碱性磷酸酶质量分数都高于对照，呈增加趋势，其中有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全钾、全磷、速效磷的质量分数差异显著(P＜0.05)；近自然间伐的土壤有机质、全氮、碱解氮、全钾、速效钾、全磷、速效磷、蔗糖酶质量分数都高于对照，呈增加趋势，其中全氮、碱解氮、全钾、速效钾、全磷、速效磷的质量分数差异显著(P＜0.05)，但脲酶质量分数呈减少趋势；近自然抚育的土壤碱解氮、全钾、速效磷、脲酶质量分数呈减少趋势。其中碱解氮和全钾差异显著(P＜0.05)，蔗糖酶质量分数有增加趋势。近自然间伐和择伐马尾松林分土壤肥力的综合评价得分与相应对照差异显著(P＜0.05)，抚育差异不显著(P＞0.05)；近自然不同管理措施对土壤物理指标的影响不显著(P＞0.05)。  结论  近自然间伐与择伐对马尾松林分土壤肥力的影响具有显著的促进作用，对马尾松林分土壤肥力的维护和提高有重要意义；近自然抚育对林分影响不显著。图1表6参19

Soil fertility of Pinus massoniana forests under different near-natural management measures

  Objective  The research aims to study the effects of different near-natural management measures on soil fertility under Pinus massoniana forests.  Method  In Kaiyang near-natural management project area of Guiyang City, the near-natural selective cutting, near-natural thinning, near-natural tending, and the control group were selected to comprehensively evaluate the impact of different management measures on soil fertility under P. massoniana forests.  Result  The mass fractions of organic matter, soil total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, urease, alkaline phosphatase in near-natural selective cutting were higher than those of the control group, showing an up-going trend. The mass fractions of organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, total phosphorus, and available phosphorus were significantly different(P＜0.05). The mass fraction of soil organic matter, total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium, total phosphorus, available phosphorus, and sucrose in near-natural thinning was higher than that in the control group, showing an increasing trend, among which the mass fraction of total nitrogen, alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, available potassium, total phosphorus and available phosphorus had significant differences (P＜0.05), but the mass fraction of urease showed a decreasing trend. The mass fraction of alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen, total potassium, available phosphorus and urease in near-natural tending showed a decreasing trend, among which the difference between alkali-hydrolyzed nitrogen and total potassium was significant (P＜0.05), and the mass fraction of sucrose showed an increasing trend. The comprehensive evaluation scores of soil fertility in the P. massoniana stands with near-natural thinning and selective cutting were significantly different from those of the control group (P＜0.05), but the difference in tending was not significant (P＞0.05). The effect of different near-natural management measures on soil physical indexes was not significant (P＞0.05).  Conclusion  Near-natural thinning and selective cutting can significantly promote soil fertility of P. massoniana forests, which is of great significance for maintenance and improvement of soil fertility of P. massoniana forests. The effect of near-natural tending on forest stands is not significant. The near-natural management theory plays an important role in improving forest soil fertility and sustainable forest management in Guiyang. Ch, 1 fig. 6 tab. 19 ref.]