伊犁绿洲土壤盐渍化与浅层地下水水化学特征分析

根据2009年伊犁河流域土壤盐分与地下水条件的监测和取样分析资料,运用相关分析法与主成分分析法,对伊犁河流域土壤盐分与地下水埋深、矿化度、电导率、p H值与主要离子之间的关系进行了分析。结果表明:1研究区土壤盐分垂直分布呈现强烈表聚性;研究区内58.18%地下水样为淡水,40.00%为微咸水,1.82%为咸水,地下水矿化度平均值为2.50 g·L-1左右,属于微咸水;研究区地下水矿化度、电导率与主要离子组成呈现强烈的空间变异性。2研究区垂直河道方向的各采样线土壤盐分与地下水矿化度的变化趋势基本相似;地下水埋深与矿化度受到灌区农业活动的影响,导致研究区土壤次生盐渍化。3主成分分析结果表明,影响研究区土壤含盐量的地下水环境因子可以归纳为地下水矿化度、EC、Cl-、Mg2+、Na+与地下水埋深。

Analysis on soil salinization and hydrochemical characteristics of shallow ground water in Ili Oasis

Based on the monitoring and sample analysis of soil salinity and groundwater conditions in Ili River basin in 2009, using the correlation analysis method and principal components analysis method, have analyzed the relations between soil salinity and groundwater table, salinity, EC, pH and main ions. The results showed that: (1) The soil salinity vertical distribution was mainly appeared at strong soil surface accumulation, in the research area 58.18% groundwater samples were non-salinity water, while 40.00% were slightly salinity water and 1.82% were salinized water. The average groundwater salinity was about 2.50 g·L^-1 and belongs to slightly saline water. The groundwater salinity, EC and main ions showed strong spatial variability. (2) The changing trend of soil salinity and groundwater salinity at each sampling lines along the vertical direction of the river course were basic similar. The groundwater table and salinity were affected by the agricultural activities in irrigated areas, and caused the secondary soil salinization. (3) The results by the principal components analysis indicated that: The affected groundwater environmental factors in study area can be concluded as groundwater salinity, EC, Cl^-, Mg²⁺, Na⁺ and groundwater table.