基于水量平衡的红壤丘岗坡地利用结构拟合

以集雨区水量平衡为基础,从分析坡地水文过程入手,以坡地不同生态系统雨水分配、降雨过程地表径流产量、径流过程的土壤及养分流失量为参数,以生产灌溉对集雨的要求、坡地不同生态系统对雨水侵蚀的承载力、坡地雨水运移过程对环境和区域洪涝灾害的影响为约束条件,拟合出红壤丘岗坡地农林复合生态系统构建适宜的土地利用结构:人工林占30%,人工草地占15%,果药茶园占30%,耕地占20%,自然保护区占5%。该用地比例(结构)既满足于地貌单元(集雨区)生态系统利用坡地集雨维持系统水循环平衡的要求,也满足于坡地农林复合生态系统的可持续性保护的要求。

Research of Slope Land Utilization Structure Based on Water Balance in Hilly Region of Red Soil

Analyzing water balance of the ecosystem (area for collecting rainwater) in geomorphic unit and the hydrologic process, taking the rainwater allocation proportion, rainfall runoff volume, losing quantity of soil and nutrients in different sloping land ecosystem as parameters, considering the requirement of water balance of geomorphic unit in the area for collecting rainwater, irrigation in the sloping land, the bearing capacity to the rainwater erosion of different sloping land ecosystem and the influence of the rainwater travel from slopping land on the environment and the water-logging-disaster area as constraint condition, construction of agro-forest multi-ecosystem in hilly sloping land of red soil is fitted out with a view to water balance and reasonable land utilization structure: artificial afforestation is 30%, 15% for sown pasture, 30% for tea garden, 20% for cultivated land, and 5% for natural protection area. It characterizes as that it offers gist for construction of agro-forest multi-ecosystem in hilly sloping land of red soil with a view to water balance and suitable land utilization structure; it embodies the thought of great agriculture, corrects the tradition utilization of one unitary ecosystem in hilly slopping land; the proportion of land utilization accords with the development of social economy, can basically achieve the requirement of foodstuff security to plough land prolongation at the peak of population. This structure meets the requirement of which not only using slopping land to collecting rainwater for keeping water balance in geomorphic unit (area for collecting rainwater) ecosystem, but also the sustainable protection of agro-forest multi-ecosystem in the slopping land.