家蚕的半活化胚现象初探

滞育是家蚕的生理现象 ,家蚕滞育卵的活化处理是养蚕生产上重要的技术操作。研究了家蚕盐酸处理卵、复式冷藏卵和长期保存卵的胚胎活化过程 ,认为家蚕胚胎除滞育态和活化态以外 ,还存在半活化状态。半活化胚胎的形态与萌动期 (乙 1)至反转期 (己 1)的活化胚相似 ,但胚胎整体发育不平衡 ,后部发育慢于前部 ,在 2 5℃、RH 75 %～ 85 %催青环境中的发育速度明显慢于活化胚 ,而越接近反转期发育速度越接近活化胚。同一群体内出现的半活化胚胎之间发育比较整齐 ,而不同群体的半活化胚胎之间发育有一定差异。活化刺激量越大 ,出现的半活化胚胎发育越快。探讨了半活化胚胎产生的机理以及对蚕种生产的影响

Study on the Phenomenon of Semi-Active Embryo in Silkworm, Bombyx mori

The diapause is a physioloical phenomenon of silkworm, Bombyx mori. It is an important technique for silkworm rearing that silkworm diapausing eggs are treated to be activating. Depending on studying of hydrochloric acid-treated eggs, two-step refrigerated eggs and long-term preserved eggs of silkworm, Bombyx mori, it has been found that there are diapause embryo, active embryo and semi-active embryo. The shape of semi-active embryo seems like active embryos from stage of wintering Ⅲ to stage of embryonic reveasal, but developes slowly in 25 ℃ and RH 75%～85%. The more the embryo approaches stage of embryonic reveasal, the more similar developing speed is. The integral parts of semi-active embryo develop at different speeds,the posterior part develops slowly than the anterior part. The semi-active embryos from the same batch develops tidily, while that from different batches develop at different speed. The embryos grows quickly when the eggs are treated by more large stimulating degree.In this paper, the mechanism of engendering semi-active embryos and the effects on silkworm eggs production are discussed as well.