小麦收获指数遗传及其与农艺性状的相关分析

利用8个不同收获指数小麦品种双列杂交的F1及其亲本,探讨小麦收获指数的遗传及其与主要农艺性状的相关。结果表明:宁麦9号收获指数的一般配合力最好,能极显著地提高杂种后代的收获指数;小麦收获指数的遗传符合加性-显性模型,受加性和显性效应的作用,显性程度为完全显性到超显性;控制收获指数遗传的增效等位基因为显性,增减效等位基因频率在亲本中的分配无明显差异;扬麦9号和郑9023具有最多控制收获指数遗传的显性基因,收获指数可能受1对主效基因的控制,狭义遗传力较高。相关分析表明,收获指数与株高、主穗长、每穗粒数、千粒重、生物量呈极显著正相关。

Inheritance of Wheat Harvest Index and Its Correlations with Agronomic Traits

Based on F1 diallel crosses involving eight genetically diverse wheat cultivars,inheritance of harvest index(HI) and its correlations with agronomic traits were analyzed.Ningmai 9 had the best general comibining ability and improved significantly the HI in its crossing progeny.The inheritance of HI fit in with the additive dominance model,controlled by both additive and dominant genetic effects.The degree of dominance was from complete dominance to superdominance.The increasing alleles were dominant for HI.In the frequency distribution of increasing or reducing alleles among 8 parents,there was no significant difference.Yangmai 9 and Zheng 9023 had the most dominant genes controlling HI.The HI could be controlled by one pair of major dominant genes with higher narrow sense heritability.The correlation analysis showed that the HI was significantly and positively associated with plant height,length of main spike,number of kernel per spike,1 000-grain weight,and biomass per plant.