芦苇沼泽湿地开发为稻田前后生态系统服务价值对比研究——以丹东鸭绿江口湿地国家级自然保护区为例

芦苇沼泽湿地在调节气候、净化污水、促淤防蚀、维持生物多样性等方面有着重要的作用。但一直以来芦苇沼泽湿地被当作开发的对象，通过市场价值法、造林成本法、影子工程法、替代法对丹东鸭绿江口湿地国家级自然保护区的芦苇沼泽湿地的生态系统服务价值进行了评估，并假设其芦苇沼泽湿地全部开发为稻田，并对其生态系统服务价值进行了评估。结果表明，保护区内芦苇沼泽湿地的生态系统服务价值为12395.0万元。开发为稻田后生态服务功能价值为8925.4万元，生态系统服务价值减少了28%。芦苇沼泽湿地生态系统服务功能为8项，主要表现在水分调节功能价值和控制侵蚀、保护土壤价值分别占整个芦苇沼泽湿地生态系统服务价值的35%和32%，开发为稻田后生态系统服务价值减少为4项，主要表现为物质生产价值，占整个生态系统服务价值的75%。

A Comparison Study of Ecosystem Service Value Before and After Reed Marsh Empoldered to Paddyfield -Take Yalu River Wetland National Nature Reserve as an Example

The reed marsh wetland has important function in regulating the climate, purifying sewages, urging the silt anticorrosion, maintaining bio-diversity etc. But reed marsh wetland is developed all the time, the market value method, method of cost of afforestation, shadow engineering method, substitution method was used to evaluate the valuations of the ecosystem service of the Yalu River nature reserve,It supposes the reed wetland is all empoldered for the paddy field and evaluated its valuations of the ecosystem service．The result indicates:the value of the valuations of the ecosystem service of reed marsh wetland is 123.95×106 RMB yuan in the protection zone .And is 89.25×106 RMB yuan after empoldered for the paddyfield, valuations of the ecosystem service has been reduced by 28%. The wetland ecosystem service function of the reed is 8 items, they mainly show on regulating function of water and protecting soil, they partly account for the valuations of the ecosystem service of reed wetland 35% and 32%, the number of valuations of the ecosystem service is 4 items after it is empoldered to the paddyfield, it is shown as material production value mainly, accounts for 75% of the value of whole ecological service of the system.