不同覆盖施用保水剂对土壤物理性状、酶活及烤烟产质量的影响

为明确不同覆盖措施下施用保水剂对烤烟抗旱能力的影响,以烤烟‘红花大金元’为材料,研究秸秆覆盖(T1)、地膜覆盖+保水剂(T2)、秸秆覆盖+保水剂(T3)、秸秆与地膜双覆盖+保水剂(T4)、地膜覆盖(CK)对植烟土壤物理性状、酶活性以及烤烟生长发育、经济性状、烟叶品质的影响。结果表明,与对照CK相比,不同覆盖下施用保水剂(T2、T3、T4)均可提高土壤含水量,降低植烟土壤容重,增加土壤中>0.25 mm大团粒结构比例特别是2~5、0.5~1 mm粒级水稳性团聚体比例,提高土壤蔗糖酶和脲酶活性,烤烟农艺性状较好,烤后烟叶产量产值较高,烟叶品质略有提升。不同覆盖下施用保水剂对烤烟抗旱能力的影响有差异;T2和T4处理整体表现优于T3处理,其中T4处理烤烟经济性状最好,而T2处理烤后烟叶感官质量相对更好。

Effects of Water-retaining Agent on Soil Physical Properties and Enzyme Activities,and Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco Under Different Mulching Measures

To determine the effect of water-retaining agent on the drought resistance of flue-cured tobacco under different mulching measures, we used the flue-cured tobacco ‘Honghua dajinyuan’ as material, to study the effects of straw mulching (T1), plastic film mulching + water-retaining agent (T2), straw mulching + water-retaining agent (T3), double mulching with straw and plastic film + water-retaining agent (T4) and plastic film mulching (CK) on soil physical properties and enzyme activity, and growth and development, economic characters and quality of flue-cured tobacco. The results showed that compared with CK, by applying water-retaining agent (T2, T3, T4) under different mulching measures, the water content of soil was increased and the bulk density of tobacco planting soil was reduced, the proportion of > 0.25 mm large aggregate structure in soil, especially the proportion of 2-5 mm and 0.5-1 mm water stable aggregate, was increased, the activities of soil sucrose and urease were improved, the agronomic properties of flue-cured tobacco were relatively good, the yield and output value of flue-cured tobacco was relatively high, and tobacco quality was slightly improved. The effect of water-retaining agent on the drought resistance of flue-cured tobacco under different mulching measures were different, the overall performance of T2 and T4 were better than that of T3, and T4 had the best economic characters, while T2 had better sensory quality.