粤北香芋种植区典型土壤剖面发育特征

为进一步明确粤北特色经济作物香芋种植区的土壤地质背景特征,通过挖掘土壤剖面、土样采集和室内分析,运用SPSS软件和Origin软件研究香芋种植区的环境条件、土壤剖面特征及其土壤养分含量的变化。结果表明：（1）香芋种植区6个剖面点的土壤类型均为潴育水稻土亚类,土体构型主要由耕作层Ap₁、犁底层Ap₂、氧化还原层(Br₁、Br₂)/潜育层(Bs₁、Bs₂)、母质层C组成;（2）6个代表剖面土壤质地以粘壤土、粉质壤土和壤土为主,表层多为中等发育的团粒结构,心土层多为强发育结构的块状结构,呈现不同程度的铁锰胶膜新生体。（3）在土壤养分分级标准中,6个剖面点的有机质和碱解氮的养分含量属于中等偏上;有效磷含量属于很丰富级别,而速效钾的养分含量属于缺乏;土壤氮、磷、钾含量和有机质随着深度的增加呈现下降的趋势。研究得出了香芋种植区的土壤剖面形态、质地结构和养分特征,可为后续香芋的科学规划、合理种植和肥料高效利用提供依据。

Development Characteristics of Typical Soil Profile of Fragrant Taro Region in Northern Guangdong

To further clarify the characteristics of soil geological background of the special cash crop fragrant taro in northern Guangdong, this paper used SPSS and Origin software to study the environmental conditions, soil profile characteristics and soil nutrients’ content in the planting area of fragrant taro by digging the soil profile, collecting soil samples and indoor analysis. The results show that: (1) the soil types at the six profile points in the planting area are all waterloggogenic paddy soil subtype, and the soil profile pattern is mainly composed of plough layer Ap₁, plow pan layer Ap₂, redox deposition layer (Br₁, Br₂)/gley layer (Bs₁, Bs₂) and parent material layer C; (2) the soil texture is mainly clay loam, silty loam and loam, the surface layer is mostly medium-developed crumb structure, and the core layer is mostly strongly developed block structure, showing different degrees of Fe/Mn regeneration body; (3) in the classification standard of soil nutrients, the content of organic matter (OM) and alkaline nitrogen (AN) are at above medium level, available phosphorus (AP) is very rich, while the nutrient content of available potassium (AK) is deficient; the contents of soil N, P, K and OM decrease with the increase of soil depth. In this paper, the soil profile morphology, texture structure and nutrient characteristics of the planting area of fragrant taro are obtained, which could provide a basis for the scientific planning, rational planting and efficient fertilizer utilization in subsequent fragrant taro cultivation.