棉花化学脱叶剂在辽河流域棉区的应用效果研究

为了探索棉花化学脱叶技术在辽河流域棉区的可行性和配套应用技术,选用化学脱叶剂欣噻利,设置2个种植密度、2个处理时间、5种处理方式,以清水处理为对照。欣噻利能够有效促进棉花的脱叶和吐絮。从用药浓度上看,以脱叶为主建议采用中等浓度(2100 mL/hm²),以催熟为主建议采用高浓度(2700 mL/hm²)。2次用药处理(1350 mL/hm²+1350 mL/hm²)的脱叶效果低于1次用药处理,但催熟效果明显提升。从种植密度上看,8.25×10⁴株/hm²的脱叶催熟效果要优于11.25×10⁴株/hm²。从处理时间看,9月5日处理的脱叶催熟效果比9月15日处理明显,但产量偏低。辽河流域棉区建议采用8.25×10⁴株/hm²的种植密度,9月15日左右进行处理,药剂浓度适当加大。有条件的地区可以采用2次用药处理。

Cotton Chemical Defoliant: Application Effect in Liaohe Basin Cotton Area

To explore the feasibility and supporting techniques of chemical defoliation technology in Liaohe Basin cotton area, the authors chose chemical defoliating agent Xinshaili, set up 2 planting densities, 2 treatment times and 5 treatment methods, and took water treatment as CK. Xinshaili could effectively promote the defoliation and boll opening of cotton. In terms of concentration, moderate concentration (2100 mL/hm²) was recommended for defoliation, while high concentration (2700 mL/hm²) for ripening. The defoliation effect of treating twice (1350 mL/hm²+1350 mL/hm²) was lower than that of once, but the ripening effect was significantly improved. In terms of planting density, the effect of defoliation and ripening of 8.25×10⁴ plants/hm² was better than that of 11.25×10⁴ plants/hm². In terms of treatment time, the effect of defoliation and ripening of treatment on September 5 was more obvious than that on September 15, but the yield was lower. Therefore, the treatment with planting density of 8.25×10⁴ plants/hm² and treatment time on September 15 is suggested for Liaohe Basin cotton area, and the defoliant concentration could be appropriately increased. 2 times treatment is also suggested for some areas with good conditions.