有机-矿物缓释材料对土壤速效磷及玉米吸收磷的影响

目的]研究不同有机-矿物缓释材料一次性基施对土壤速效磷及玉米吸磷量的影响,为提高磷的有效性及农业废弃物资源的合理利用提供理论依据。方法]利用盆栽试验,以等NKP无机养分为对照,研究4种有机-矿物缓释材料组合（N1：污泥＋膨润土＋NPK,N2：污泥＋沸石＋NPK,F1：腐植酸＋膨润土＋NPK,F2：腐植酸＋沸石＋NPK）土壤速效磷的变化和玉米吸收磷的状况。结果]在玉米的整个生育期中,4种有机-矿物缓释材料组合土壤中的速效磷有增加的趋势,而CK有下降的趋势;有机-矿物缓释材料对玉米的吸磷量及在不同器官的磷素营养转化率均有明显的影响,不同程度地促进了玉米对磷的吸收,且F2〉F1〉N1〉N2〉CK;籽粒中磷营养转化率比为N1〉N2〉F2〉F1〉CK,而根系磷营养转化率比CK有所下降。结论]各种有机-矿物缓释材料不同程度地提高了土壤中磷的有效性,作为磷素的缓释载体有良好的效果。

Effect of the Slowly Releasing Material of Organic-mineral on Available Phosphorus in Soil and the P-uptake of Maize

Objective]The theoretical basis of.the enhancement of the effectiveness of phosphorus and the rational utilization of agricultural waste was provided through the research on the effect of one-time basal dressing of different slowly releasing material of organic-mineral on the available P in soil and the P-uptake of maize.Method] Four kinds of combinations of slowly releasing material of organic-mineral(N1∶sludge+bentonite+NPK,N2∶sludge+zeolite+NPK,F1∶humic Acid+bentonite+NPK,F2∶humic acid and zeolite+NPK)affecting the change of available P in soil and the status of phosphorus uptake of maize was studied through the potted experiment and with inorganic nutrients-NKP as the CK.Results]In the whole growth period of maize,the available P in soil under the condition of all of treatments was in the increasing trend and the CK,in the declining one.The slowly releasing material of organic-mineral significantly affected the P-uptake of maize and its conversion rate of phosphorus among the different organs.The slowly releasing material of organic-mineral to varying degrees promoted the P-uptake of maize,which promotion order was F2>F1>N1>N2>CK.The promotion order in the conversion ratio of phosphorus to grain was N1>N2>F2>F1>CK,and to root the conversion rate of all of treatments was more decline than that of the CK.Conclusion]The slowly releasing material of organic-mineral to varying degrees lifted the effectiveness of the phosphorus in soil,which was with good results as the slowly releasing carrier of phosphorus.