灌浆期六旋翼无人机喷幅和喷液量对玉米群体内雾滴沉积分布、漂移特性的影响

采用大疆T30无人机在玉米灌浆期进行喷施作业，探讨喷幅和喷液量对雾滴在群体内沉积分布影响。采用两因素试验设计，设置3个喷幅4(G1)、5(G2)、6.5 m (G3)]和5个喷液量15、30、45、60、75 L/hm²(R1～R5)]，将玉米群体从上至下分为5层(A～E)。结果表明，在不同喷幅和喷液量处理组合下，随着喷液量增加，雾滴总沉积量、覆盖率、覆盖密度显著增加，随着喷幅的升高呈先增后降的趋势，其中G2R5、G3R5和G1R5处理的雾滴总沉积量较大，但雾滴的地面损失量增多、沉积量均匀性和穿透性不佳、漂移加重，总体上G2喷幅下各叶层的雾滴沉积分布较优。在实际生产中喷液量选择不宜过大，应结合施药属性及农田环境等因素，确定适宜的喷液量。

Effect of Spray Amplitude and Volume of Six Rotor UAV in Filling Stage on Droplet Deposition Distribution and Drift Characteristics in Maize Population

Dji T30 UAV was used to spray maize during the filling period, and the influence of spray width and spray liquid quantity on the deposition distribution of droplets in the population was discussed. Using a two-factor experimental design, three spray ranges4(G1), 5(G2), 6.5 m(G3)] and five spray volumes15-75 L/ha(R1-R5)] were set, and the maize population was divided into five layers(A-E) from top to bottom. The results showed that, Under the treatment combination of different spray amplitudes and spray volume, the total deposition amount, coverage rate and coverage density of fog drops increased significantly with the increase of spray volume, and showed a trend of first increasing and then decreasing with the increase of spray amplitude. The total deposition amount of G2R5, G3R5 and G1R5 was large, but it led to the increase of ground loss of fog drops, poor uniformity and penetration of deposition volume, and aggravated drift of fog drops. In general, the distribution of droplets deposition in each leaf layer under the spray amplitude of G2 is superior. However, the selection of spray quantity should not be too large in actual production. The appropriate spray liquid amount should be scientifically determined during UAV operation, combined with the functional properties of spraying agents and farmland environment and other factors.