青海省牛蒡的种子萌发特性研究

[目的]为青藏高原牛蒡的人工种植和植被恢复提供依据。[方法]采用烫种、GA3、KNO3及不同萌发温度对室温与冷冻越冬的牛蒡种子进行发芽试验,研究牛蒡种子萌发的特性。[结果]随着烫种水温的升高,牛蒡种子的萌发率下降,50℃时萌发率最高,80℃时萌发率最低。GA3100 mg/L时牛蒡种子萌发率最高,随着浓度的增大,萌发率下降。100 mg/L GA3处理的冷冻组种子与室温组差异极显著。0.50%KNO3处理的牛蒡种子萌发率最高,冷冻组经0.50%KNO3处理的效果最好。种子在变温条件下具有较高的萌发率,变温与恒温处理下的牛蒡种子萌发率差异显著,冷冻组变温处理的萌发率最高。[结论]牛蒡种子在50~60℃热水烫种1、00 mg/L GA3、0.5%KNO3、15~30℃变温处理下萌发率最高,且冷冻越冬种子效果最好。

Study on the Seed Germination Characteristics of Arctiun lappa L. in Qinghai Province

[Objective] The aim of the research was to provide basis for the artificial planting of Arctium lappa L.and vegetation restoration in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau.[Method] In germination test,the seeds of A.lappa at room temperature and freezing overwintering were treated with scalding seeds,GA3,KNO3 and different germination temperature to study the seed germination characteristics of A. lappa.[Result] With the increase of water temperature for scalding seeds,the germination rate of A.lappa seeds was decreased.The germination rate was highest at 50 ℃ and lowest at 80 ℃.When the concentration of GA3 was 100 mg/L,the germination rate of A.lappa seeds was highest and the germination rate was decreased with the increment of GA3 concentration.The seeds treated with 100 mg/L GA3 in the freezing group had extremely significant differences with that in room temperature group.The germination rate of A.lappa seeds treated with 0.5%KNO3 was highest,freezing group had better effect after treatment with 0.5%KNO3.The seeds had higher germination rate under the conditions of variable temperature.The germination rate of A.lappa seeds between the treatments of variable temperature and constant temperature had significant difference and the germination rate in the treatment of variable temperature in freezing group was highest.[Conclusion] The germination rate of A.lappa seeds in the treatment of scalding seeds with 50～60 ℃ hot water,GA3100 mg/L,0.5%KNO3,15～30 ℃ variable temperature was highest and the effect of the seeds in freezing overwintering was best.