不同穗型品种与移栽密度对再生稻产量、发苗能力与干物质积累的影响

[目的]探究不同移栽密度与不同穗型品种对再生稻再生季发苗能力及产量形成的影响。[方法]采用二因素裂区试验设计,以移栽密度为主区(D1:15万穴/hm^2、D2:18.75万穴/hm^2、D3:22.5万穴/hm^2、D4:26.25万穴/hm^2、D5:30万穴/hm^2、D6:33.75万穴/hm^2),品种为副区(TYHZ:多穗型品种天优华占、HLY898:穗粒兼顾型品种徽两优898、YLY900:大穗型品种Y两优900)。[结果]穗粒兼顾型品种HLY898与多穗型品种TYHZ在D3处理下再生季产量最高,大穗型品种YLY900在不同移栽密度下再生季产量无显著差异。不同穗型品种下,产量及产量构成、发苗能力、干物质积累与分配、再生季空蔸率(头季纹枯病导致再生季空蔸)整体效果表现为HLY898>TYHZ=YLY900,其中穗粒兼顾型品种HLY898产量显著高于其他2个品种,增产9.99%~11.70%。各密度水平下,D3处理结实率、每穗粒数及产量均为最高,其中产量显著高于D1、D5与D6处理,较其他密度处理增产5.4%~22.7%。单位面积再生苗数与苗桩比均以D3处理最佳,显著高于D6处理,成穗能力以D3处理与D4处理最佳,显著高于D1、D2与D6处理。地上干物质积累以D5处理最高,收获指数以D3处理最高。再生季空蔸率以中低密度最佳,显著低于D6处理。穗粒兼顾型品种HLY898产量及产量构成、发苗能力均优于多穗型品种TYHZ与大穗型品种YLY900,适应性更强。中密度处理产量与发苗能力均显著高于其他密度处理,产量构成因子更协调,能充分发挥品种产量潜力实现高产。[结论]穗粒兼顾型品种HLY898与22.5万穴/hm^2移栽密度组合模式再生季综合性能最好,产量最高。

Effects of Different Panicle-typed Varieties and Transplanting Densities on Yield,the Ability of Seedling Growth and Dry Matter Accumulation of Ratooning Rice

[Objective]The purpose of this paper is to explore the effects of different panicle-typed varieties and transplanting densities on the ability of seeding growth and yield in the ratooning season of ratooning rice.[Method]The split-plot experiment of double factors was designed, the transplanting densities was main-plot(D1: 1.5×10^4 hills per hectare, D2: 1.875×10^4 hills per hectare, D3: 2.25×10^4 hills per hectare, D4: 2.625×10^4 hills per hectare, D5: 3.0×10^4 hills per hectare, D6: 3.375×10^4 hills per hectare), the panicle-typed varieties was subplot(TYHZ: multi-panicle-type variety;HLY898:the panicle-kernel-type variety;YLY900:the big-panicle-typed variety).[Result]The response of different panicle varieties to transplanting density were different. The optimal yield of both panicle-kernel-type variety HLY898 and multi-panicle-type variety TYHZ are D3 treatment, while there was no significant difference under YLY900. The overall effects of three panicle-typed varieties on the yield and yield components, ability of seedling, dry matter accumulation and distribution,and the rate of empty hill presented HLY898 > TYHZ = YLY900. The yield of HLY898 was significantly higher than the other two varieties and the amount of rise was 9.99%~11.70%. From the analysis of yield and yield components, D3 treatment has the highest setting rate, grains per panicle and yield, and the yield is significantly higher than D1, D5 and D6 treatment, the amount of rise was 5.4%~22.7%. The seedling pile ratio and the highest regeneration seedlings per unit area of D3 treatment is the optimum, significantly better than D6 treatment. The panicle forming ability of D3 and D4 treatment are the optimum, significantly higher than D1, D2 and D6 treatment. The dry matter accumulation of D5 treatment is the optimum, and the harvest index of D3 treatment was the optimum. Under different transplanting densities, the low and medium transplanting density was the optimum on the rate of empty hill in the ratooning season of ratooning rice, significantly better than D6 treatment. Yield, yield components and the ability of seedling growth of panicle-kernel-type variety HLY898 were the optimum, with stronger adaptability. The ability of seedling growth and yield of medium density treatment are significantly higher than other density treatments, and the yield components are more coordinating, which can give full play to the yield potential of the variety to achieve higher yield.[Conclusion]The panicle-kernel-type variety HLY898 and the combination of transplanting density of 2.25×10^4 hills per hectare has the best comprehensive performance and the highest yield in the ratooning season.