多源遥感数据融合及其在土地资源调查中的应用

多源信息融合的目的就是要充分集成不同来源数据的优点,尽可能多地获取地物信息,以大大提高解译精度和可信度。本文结合国土资源部“典型县耕地资源分布与生态退耕遥感监测”规划的前期预研究项目,利用ETM和SPOT等多源遥感数据,探讨不同遥感信息融合过程中的处理方法与关键技术,在对比分析所使用的各种数据优缺点的基础上,阐述了数据纠正、配准、融合的技术过程和出现的问题,列出本项目为遥感影像解译所归纳的主要地类的特征图谱。利用高分辨率遥感数据融合较低分辨率数据,进行土地利用变化分析,及时准确获取变化信息,为有关部门进行土地的规划、管理提供科学依据就有着十分重要的意义。

Data Fusion for Multisources Remote Sensing Imagery and Its Application to Land Resources Surveying

The fusion of multi-source remote sensing images could integrate advantages of different data fully and obtain spatial,temporal and attributive characters,and improve the precision,efficiency and reliability greatly.Now,the spot-5 images have been the main satellite remote sensing data resource for the survey of land resource,land use/land cover.Based on the research item about "the distribution of cropland and remote sensing monitoring of retired land",some methods and key techniques on the fusion of multi-source remote sensing images are probed.Especially the treatment of high resolution image of spot-5 satellite is very important.But many problems could be found during the data correction,fusion,class ification and anlysis when applying this high-resolution images.So it is the main problem that how to bring the advantages of this high-resolution images into play and know the method and techniques well in order to explore the potential of data application.This research uses four different resolution images,including spot-5 2.5m panchromatic image,spot-5 10m multi-spectrum image,spot-4 10m panchromatic image,and landsat-tm 30m multi-spectrum image.Zhangbei and Guyuan county are located in the north of Hebei province,where is one of the sand source regions for Beijing because of cropland desertification and grassland deterioration.The project of ecological reconstruction began to bring into effect from 2000,and we want to survey the spatial change of land use by using the multi-source remote sensing images.The fusion of the multi-source remote sensing images using IHS transformation model could not only remain the abundant multi-spectrum information,but also increase the veins characters.The borderline of all kinds of land types are much more clear,and classification effect by eyes is much better.It is indicated that the multi-source remote sensing images could be used to large scale land use survey and the quality of production is better.