不同施肥方式对烤烟生长发育·产质量的影响

[目的]为烤烟的安全生产提供一定的科学依据。[方法]通过大田试验,研究了有机-无机肥配施条件下一次性拌塘施肥、一次性环形施肥、分次施肥与常规施肥方式对烟株农艺性状、烟叶产量、物理性状、化学成分及感官评吸质量的影响。[结果]环形施肥更利于烟苗的早发快长,提前进入团棵期;在旺长期和采烤前农艺性状无明显差异,但较常规而言,拌塘、环形和分次施肥肥效发挥较缓慢;物理性状以分次施肥效果最好;烟叶产质量、化学成分、感官评吸质量均以环形施肥处理为优。[结论]环形施肥方式较适合优质烤烟的生产要求。

Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Growth, Yield and Quality of Flue-cured Tobacco

Abstract [ Objective ] The research aimed to provide the scientific basis for the safety production of flue-cured tobacco. [ Method J By field cultivation, under the condition of organic-inorganic fertilizer, the effects of one-time mixing pond fertilization, one-time circular fertilization, sub-sub-fertilization and conventional fertilization methods on the agronomic traits of the tobacco plant, tobacco leaf yield, physical properties, chemical constituents and quality of sensory evaluation were studied. [ Result ] The circular fertilization was more conducive to shorten the germi- nation and growing period of tobacco seedlings so that they could fast advance into the resettling stage. It had no remarkable difference in agro- nomic traits between the fast growing period and before baking state. However, in contrast with the conventional use of chemical fertilizer, the fertilizer effects of one-time mixing pond fertilization, one-time circular fertilization and sub-sub-fertilization played relatively slow. The sub-sub- fertilization played best fertilization effect on physical properties. The circular fertilization had clear advantages of the yield and quality of tobacco leaf, chemical constituents and the quality of sensory evaluation. [ Conclusion] The circular fertilization was more suitable for the production re- quirements of high-quality cured tobacco.