Nutritional quality of germinated cowpea flour (Vigna unguiculata) and its application in home prepared powdered weaning foods |
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Authors: | Jirapa P Normah H Zamaliah MM Asmah R Mohamad K |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Food Science and Technology, Lumpang Agricultural Research and Training Center, P.O. Box 89, Muang Lumpang, 52000, Thailand;(2) Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University Putra Malaysia, 43000, UPM Serdang, Selangor Malaysia;(3) Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, University Putra Malaysia, 43300, UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia |
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Abstract: | Amino acid profiles, protein digestibility corrected aminoacid scores (PDCAAS), chemical scores, essential amino acid indexes, andcalculated biological values of control-cowpea flour (CCF), germinated cowpeaflour (GCF) prepared from cowpeas germinated at 25 °C for either24 h or 48 h and weaning foods prepared from cowpea flours weredetermined. Locally available rice, cowpea flour, banana-pumpkin slurry,and skim milk powder and sucrose in the ratio 35:35:15:15:5 were used to formulateweaning food containing not less than 15% protein. The ingredients werecooked into a slurry and oven-dried to produce flakes. The nutritional andsensory qualities of the weaning products were evaluated. Germination hadlittle effect on the amino acid profile of cowpeas. In vitro proteinquality and starch digestibility were improved in germinated cowpea flour. The PDCAAS of 24 h germinated cowpea flour (GCF) weaning food washigher (55.49%) than CCF-weaning food (46.74%). Vitamin A activityin 24 h GCF weaning food was higher than in CCF-weaning food. Invitro starch digestibilities of 24 h GCF and 48 h GCF-weaning foods werehigher than that of CCF weaning food. The 24 h GCF-weaning food which hada higher overall acceptability score by sensory panelist than 48 h GCFand CCF-weaning food is recommended for household consumption. |
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Keywords: | Amino acid profile Germinated cowpea flour In vitro protein digestibility Protein digestibility corrected amino acidscore Vitamin A activity Weaning foods |
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