小麦氮素利用效率的基因型差异研究

研究了植株生长和产量性状差异很大的58个小麦基因型的氮素营养和利用效率。结果表明,开花期和成熟期植株各器官的含氮量和氮积累量,基因型之间差异显著;开花期剑叶含氮量与子粒含氮量呈显著正相关;每生产100公斤子粒需氦量,供试基因型变动于2.15～4.09公斤;氮收获指数的变幅为59.35％～82.89％,显示出小麦基因型在氮利用效率上的遗传差异。相关分析表明,每穗粒数、单蘖干物重、收获指数与氮效率比、氮利用效率呈显著正相关。

STUDIES ON VARIATION AMONG WHEAT GENOTYPES IN N UTILIZATION

N nutrition and utilization of 58 wheat genotypes with great difference in characters of plant growth and yield components were studied. It was shown that there was significant difference among genotypes in N content and accumulation of various organs at flowing and mature stages, and significantly positive correlation between N content in flag leaf at flowing and in grain at mature. Both the values of N efficiency ratio (NER) and N utilization efficiency (NUE) for a particular genotype, estimated by grain yield, has different size order among all genotypes from those estimated by total biomass above ground. The range of N need for production of 100kg grain is 2. 15-4. 09kg and the variation of N harvest index is 59. 35% ~ 82.89%, suggesting the great variation among genotypes in N utilization. The results of correlation analysis showed there are significantly positive correlation between grain weight per spike, dry matter weight per shoot, harvest index and NER or NUE.