不同类型土壤中甲烷释放特性和产甲烷菌数量的研究

在盆栽条件下,研究了从不同母质发育的6种类型土壤(3种旱土和3种水稻土)种稻时的甲烷释放特性和产甲烷菌数量。结果表明,6种不同类型土壤种稻期问的甲烷释放趋势是一致的,即成活期时甲烷释放量较少,随着生育期的推进,至分蘖盛期达最高,随后又逐渐减少,到分蘖末期后又有回升。不同类型的稻田和旱地土壤在种植水稻后,前者的甲烷释放量明显高于后者。稻田土壤则以pH近中性、有机质含量较高的黄松田土壤甲烷释放量为最多,其次是偏碱性的涂砂田,以偏酸性的老黄筋泥田为最少;旱地土壤淹水种稻后的甲烷释放量是黄松土黄筋泥成泥土。6种土壤淹水而不种稻时甲烷释放量明显低于种稻时的甲烷释放量。6种土壤淹水后不论种稻与否,产甲烷菌的数量是原先为稻田的土壤比原先是旱地的土壤为多。

CHARACTERISTICS OF METHANE EMISSION AND ITS MICROBIOLOGICAL NUMBERS IN SIX TYPES OF SOIL

The characteristics of methane emission were compared among six types of upland and rice soils developed from different matrix with distinct physical and chamical natures after rice planted. The fluxes of methane emission in submerged soils from previous upland were obviousely lower than that from poevious rice soils. The flux of methane emission in Huang Song tian of previous rice soil was the largest among all types of soils. Planting of rice was greatly contributed to emission of methane. The amounts of various groups of methanogenic flora were increased with growth of rice plant. The differences among the amounts of three groups of methanogenic flora were conformed with the differences among the fluxes of methane emission in various types of soils.