叶面喷施硒元素提高玉米籽粒硒含量

硒元素是一种动物和人类生长发育必须的矿质营养元素，硒元素的缺乏是一种世界性的营养问题。为评价玉米叶面喷施硒元素改善人体营养状况的技术潜力，本研究通过两个生长季的田间试验，探究了雨养条件下，在玉米灌浆期叶片喷施不同浓度亚硒酸钠溶液对玉米籽粒产量、硒含量、硒积累量、硒利用率以及其他养分状况的影响。结果表明，叶面喷施亚硒酸钠溶液对玉米产量无显著影响，能够显著提高玉米籽粒的硒含量和硒积累量，且随着喷施浓度的不断升高而升高，但对玉米产量以及籽粒铁、锰、铜、锌这四种矿质元素含量无影响。同时两年之间，硒含量和硒积累量差异较大，说明环境因素对玉米籽粒吸收利用外源硒肥具有较大的影响。综上，叶面喷施亚硒酸钠溶液是改善玉米籽粒硒元素营养状况的重要手段。

Foliar Spraying of Sodium to Increase the Selenium Content in Corn Kernels

Selenium is an essential mineral nutrient for human and animal health, and its deficiency is a worldwide nutritional problem. In this study, we investigated the technical potential of foliar spraying of sodium selenite solution on maize to improve human nutritional status. The effects of spraying different concentrations of sodium selenite solution on maize grain yield, selenium content, selenium accumulation, selenium recovery, and other nutrient status were evaluated under rainfed conditions in maize leaves at the filling stage over two growing seasons of field trials. Our results showed that foliar spraying of sodium selenite solution had no significant effect on maize yield but significantly increased the selenium content and accumulation in maize kernels, with increasing concentrations. However, it had no effect on the content of four other mineral elements, namely Fe, Mn, Cu, and Zn in the kernels. Selenium content and accumulation varied considerably between the two years, indicating that environmental factors had a greater influence on the uptake and use of exogenous selenium fertilizer by maize kernels. In conclusion, our findings suggest that foliar spraying of sodium selenite solution is an effective tool to improve the nutritional status of selenium in maize kernels. Further studies are needed to investigate the long-term effects of foliar spraying of sodium selenite solution on soil fertility and the potential impact on human health.