Effect of nitrogen and wheat residue on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) yield and weed control |
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Authors: | Seyed Abdolreza Kazemeini Reza Moradi Talebbeigi Mohsen Valizade |
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Affiliation: | 1. College of Agriculture, Shiraz University, Shiraz, Iran;2. Darab Branch, Pyam-E- Noor University, Darab, Iran |
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Abstract: | Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) residues and nitrogen (N) management are the major problems in the southern part of Iran where irrigated wheat–cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)–wheat rotation is a common practice. A 2-year (2009–2011) field experiment was conducted as a split plot design with four replications at a cotton field (Darab), Fars Province, Iran, to determine the influence of different rates of wheat residue (0%, 25%, 50%, and 75%) incorporation and N rates (150, 200, 300, and 400 kg ha?1) on weed suppression, yield, and yield components of cotton. Results showed that a higher residue incorporation and a lower N rate improved weed suppression in both years. For treatments receiving 150 kg N ha?1 and 75% of wheat residues (2250 kg ha?1), weed biomass and density were significantly lower compared to treatments receiving 400 kg N ha?1. The highest cotton lint yield (about 2400–2700 kg ha?1) was obtained by 300 kg N ha?1 in the absence of residue application, in both years. Incorporation of 25% of wheat residue (750 kg ha?1) and application of 300 kg N ha?1 are recommended to guarantee an optimum level of cotton lint yield and weed suppression in a wheat–cotton–wheat rotation in this region. |
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Keywords: | Amaranthus retroflexus L. biological yield Chenopodium album L. C:N ratio lint yield |
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