大麦冷害的农业气候指标研究

人工模拟低温结果表明,大麦相对空壳率随最低温度的降低而呈幂函数规律增加,并随低温持续天数呈直线上升。昼间高温对晴冷型低温危害有明显缓解作用。相对空壳率(R)与危害低温总量(V)间定量关系的动态数学模型为:R=a+b(-V)~c利用大田冷害调查资料对模拟结果验证表明,危害低温总量能客观反映最低温度和低温持续时间对相对空壳率的综合影响。不同品种耐冷力差异较大,耐冷力强的品种比中、弱品种的冷害临界最低温度分别低1.5和3.0℃,临界低温持续时间延长1天和2天左右。

A STUDY OF AGROCLIMATIC INDEXES OF CHILLING INJURY IN BARLEY

Chilling injury data in an artificially simulated cold temperature test wereused to analyze the relationship among the strength of cold temperature,thesustained time of cold temperature and the emptiness rate of barley in twoweather types.The relative emptiness rate increased power-functionally withthe falling of the lowest temperature and was linearly related to the prolongingof the sustained cold-temperature days.The higher maximum temperature inthe daytime can alleviate chilling injury.A statistical model between the rela-tive emptiness rate(R)and the total amount of the harmful cold temperature(V)was established:R=a+b(-V)~cIt is deemed that V can give an objective and comprehensive estimation of theeffects of the strength and sustained time of cold temperature on the fruiting ofbarley.Differences in cold resistance were observed in different varieties.