同源四倍体水稻三系亲本主要农艺性状遗传改良

从1996年至2006年对同源四倍体水稻亲本材料的结实率、每穗实粒数、穗长和有效分蘖等主要农艺性状进行了连续地选择和改良.结实率的改良效果显著,所有材料的平均结实率均呈上升趋势.每穗实粒数的改良上升趋势比较显著,除保持系的DTB之外,其余材料的每穗实粒数有显著提高.穗长和有效分蘖总体上有所提高,但不同年份有较大的波动.对株高、剑叶长等性状的选育效果不显著.研究表明:不同品系间农艺性状差异显著高于品系内,说明遗传力较显著地决定重要农艺性状,通过连续改良,重要农艺性状可以得到显著改善.该结果为同源四倍体水稻的进一步改良提供了一定的理论支持.

Abstract：

The autotetraploid rice three-line materials were created by using colchicine to induce diploid rice and, after that, successive selection and improvement on seed setting, total grains per panicle, panicle length, productive tillers per plant and some other traits were carried out from 1996 to 2007. The improvement of average seed setting was significant in all materials. Total grains per panicle increased significantly in all strains studied except DTB. On the whole, panicle length and the productive tillers per plant were improved, though fluctuations were recorded between different years. Other agronomic traits, including plant height and flag leaf length, were improved by selection, but not significantly. These results suggested that the major agronomic traits are mainly affected by heredity and that agronomic traits could be improved by successive selection.

Genetic Improvement of the Major Agronomic Traits in the Parent Materials of Autotetraploid Three-Line Rice