测土配方施肥技术在水稻上的应用与效果初探

采用“3414”肥料试验方案设计田间小区试验，通过田间试验结果建立本地区水稻的肥料效应函数，获得土壤肥力中等水平的水稻最佳经济产量为642 kg/667m2，氮、磷、钾肥最佳施用量是N 5 kg/667m2，P2O5 3 kg/667m2，K2O 4.5 kg/667m2，N、P2O5、K2O比例1.0：1.0：1.5。该地区水稻生长发育所需氮、磷、钾三要素中氮肥对水稻产量作用大于磷钾肥。研究结果为本地区水稻合理确定肥料品种、配比及数量提供了依据。

Application and Effect Analysis of Soil-testing and Fertilizer-applying Prescription Technique in Paddy Rice

The “3414” field experiment on nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilization were carried out in a rice field in Yubei of Chongqing. With the field test data, we established the fertilizer effect function of local paddy rice, analyzed and got this conclusion: to the rice with middle-level soil fertility, the best economic output is 642 kg/667m2; the best fertilization of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium is: N 5 kg/667m2, P2O5 3 kg/667m2, K2O 4.5 kg/667m2; the appropriate ratio between the three fertilizers was: N: P2O5: K2O = 1.0: 1.0: 1.5. Meanwhile, the experiment also indicated that nitrogenous fertilizer was the most remarkable than the phosphorus and potassium fertilizer in the three factors of impacting the rice growth. The results were useful in choosing variety of fertilizer, the ratio and suitable quantity.