基于生态足迹变化的盐城市麋鹿自然保护区生态补偿定量研究

利用RS和GIS相关技术分析保护区的1988年、1998年、2008年近20 a的土地利用变化，以及相应生态承载力变化和空间分异特征，结合生态足迹效率对生态补偿进行定量分析。研究表明:保护区成立以来土地利用相对稳定，变化主要集中在耕地、草地、水域和滩涂湿地。1988年、1998年、2008年保护区的人均生态承载力分别为1.638 4 hm²/人、1.710 9 hm²/人、1.801 2 hm²/人，生态足迹效率分别为669元/hm²，2 779元/hm²，8 382元/hm²。以2008年度保护区的生态足迹效率和生态农业足迹效率为基准，综合直接收益损失补偿、基于生态承载力的静态评价补偿和动态评价补偿分析，比较合适的补偿标准为户均补偿3 572.52元/a、人均补偿1 180.51元/a。以期在江苏沿海大开发的背景下，为滩涂资源的开发利用以及生态补偿提供合理的参考模式，引导滩涂资源生态补偿的科学进行，促进盐城经济、社会、生态全面可持续发展。

Analysis of the Ecological Compensation Based on Ecological Footprint Change in Elk Nature Reserve of Yancheng

To make a quantitative analysis of ecological compensation on the nature reserve, correspond between ecological protection and community development, promote the sustainable development in a nature reserve, as a case study by analyzing the land-use change, ecological capacity change and spatial character in 1988, 1998, 2008 in Yancheng elk nature reserve, the analysis of ecological compensation combining with ecological footprint efficiency was carried out. Results show that land use had been stable since the Nature Reserve came into existence. The change concentrated comparatively on grassland, water body and wetland. The ecological capacity and ecological footprint efficiency were improved from 1988 to 2008 (the per capita ecological capacity from 1.638 4 hm²/cap to 1.801 2 hm²/cap, the ecological footprint efficiency from 669 yuan/hm²to 8 382 yuan/hm²). Based on the ecological footprint efficiency and the agricultural ecological footprint efficiency in 2008, and combining with loss compensation for direct profit, static evaluation with the ecological capacity and dynamic evaluation, the equal ecological compensation was 3 572.52 yuan per household or 1 180.51 yuan per capita. Under the background of coastal development of Jiangsu Province,our target was to provide a reasonable guide and model to ecological compensation and land use, at the same time, promote economic, social, ecological sustainable development.