基于多年降雨资料的作物灌溉制度多目标优化

在非充分灌溉制度条件下,基于农田水量平衡模拟模型和作物产量计算模型并考虑随机降雨的影响,以灌溉日期和灌溉水量为决策变量,将多年作物相对产量均值最大、多年作物相对产量方差最小以及作物全生育期的总灌溉水量最小作为优化目标,建立了能够同时对灌溉日期和灌溉水量进行优化的多目标优化模型.以玉米的非充分灌溉制度优化为例用上述模型及算法进行了计算分析,并与典型年法得到的优化结果进行了对比,结果表明:基于多年降雨资料的优化灌溉制度具有较强的适应性和鲁棒性,可以避免由于灌溉日期安排不合理而导致的减产或绝收问题.

Multi-objective Optimization of Crop Irrigation Schedule Based on Years of Rainfall Data

Under the condition of insufficient irrigation schedule, based on the field water balance model and crop yield calculation model, a multi-objective optimization model was put forward to optimize irrigation date and corresponding quantity of irrigation simultaneously. In the model, irrigation date and the quantity of irrigation water were regarded as optimization variables, and the mean maximization of years of relative yield of crops, minimization of total quantity of irrigation water during whole growth stage and minimization of years of relative yield variance were as the optimization objectives. The model and algorithm were verified by irrigation schedule optimization of corn. Compared with typical year method, the results showed that irrigation system based on years of rainfall data had strong adaptability and robustness, and to some extent, could be avoided due to irrigation date arrangement reasonable to cut or no grain yield problem.