鹅绒委陵菜的生物学特性

采用野外定点观察法,研究鹅绒委陵菜(Potentilla anserina L.)的植物学特性、无性系生长特征;采用最小样方法研究不同地区鹅绒委陵菜生态学特征。结果显示,鹅绒委陵菜为多年生草本,是一种典型的匍匐茎型莲座状植物,该植物在青藏高原东北部(海拔1 800～4 300m)均有分布,生长于草甸、河漫滩、水沟边及畜圈旁;随着海拔升高,植株趋于低矮,复叶数增加,地上生物量降低,地下生物量升高,具单株匍匐茎的个体数量减少,分株密度呈二次曲线变化。在鹅绒委陵菜分布较集中地区,植物群落的优势种和建群种均为鹅绒委陵菜,伴生种主要为灰绿黎、早熟禾。

Study on Biological Characteristics of Potentilla anserina

Potentilla anserina L,growing in the northeast place of Qing-Tibetan plateau,was served as the material in this article.In the plant habitats.The botanical characteristics and the characteristics of clones of Potentilla anserina L were researched by the method of the pointing field.The characters of ecology in the different districts were analyzed with the sampling method.The result showed that Potentilla anserina L is a typical of perennial stoloniferous herb.The plants distribute widely in the meadow,flood plain,the gullies,and livestock adjacent circle in the northeastern Qinghai-Tibetan plateau,during the altitude range of 1 800 meters to 4 300 meters.With the increasing of elevation,plants tend to lower,less leaf number and aboveground biomass,but more ground biomass.Individual plants with stoloniferous and the stolon number decrease,and ramet density shows a quadratic curve.The dominant species and constructive species of plant community are both Potentilla anserina L,and the companion species are mainly Chenopodium glaucum L.and Poa annua in the mass distributed areas.