不同覆盖模式对烟草病虫害的影响

[目的]研究不同覆盖模式烟田对烟草病虫害的影响。[方法]以云烟87为材料,选取稻草覆盖烟田、地膜覆盖烟田和不覆盖烟田,分别于地膜覆盖田破膜时、团棵期、中部叶成熟采摘期进行3次定点调查。[结果]对虫害的影响而言,烟蚜在地膜覆盖烟田较稻草覆盖和不覆盖烟田有较大程度降低,斜纹夜蛾在地膜覆盖烟田有提早加重发生趋势,而不同覆盖模式对烟青虫和地老虎的发生影响不明显。对病害的影响而言,花叶病在中部叶成熟采收前稻草覆盖和地膜覆盖烟田较不覆盖烟田均有一定程度的降低,气候斑病和赤星病稻草覆盖烟田较地膜覆盖烟田和不覆盖烟田较明显降低,而不同覆盖模式对黑胫病影响不明显。[结论]该研究为烟田烟草病虫害综合防治提供理论依据。

Effects of Different Mulching Models in Tobacco Fields on Tobacco Diseases and Pests

[Objective] The aim was to investigate the effects of different mulching models in tobacco fields on tobacco diseases and Pest.[Method] With tobacco variety Yunyan 87 as tested material,the on-spot investigations were made three times on straw mulching fields,plastic film mulching fields and non-mulching fields in the plastic film broken stage,rosette stage and harvest stage of medium leaves.[Result] To pests,Myzus persicae reduced greatly and Prodenia litura occurred earlier and heavier on plastic film mulching tobacco fields comparing to that in on the other two fields,but the effects of different mulching models to on Helicoverpa assulta and Agrotis species were not evident.To diseases,the mosaic disease on straw and plastic film mulching tobacco fields were reduced in to a certain extent before harvest of medium leaves comparing with that on non-mulching tobacco fields.Weather fleck and Brown spot in on straw mulching tobacco fields were reduced evidently comparing with that on the other two fields.But the effects of different mulching models on Black shank were not evident.[Conclusion]The research provided theoretical basis on the integrated diseases and pests management of tobacco.