浙江居民毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯的长期膳食暴露与风险评估

基于2007 -2008年浙江省市场销售农产品中毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯残留的监测数据及浙江不同人群的各类食物摄入量和体重数据,采用分布点评估的方法,评估了浙江省20个不同年龄、性别组人群毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯的长期膳食暴露风险水平。结果表明,浙江省不同年龄、性别组人群毒死蜱长期膳食暴露带来的慢性风险仍控制在较低水平范围内,只有当长期食用毒死蜱残留超过监测资料中的99th百分位点值(蔬菜、水果和大米分别为0.395,0.165和0.011 mg/kg)的食物时,才可能产生不可接受的较大风险。而氯氰菊酯的膳食暴露风险更低,即使长期持续食用的果蔬产品中氯氰菊酯残留都达到监测资料中的最大残留值(蔬菜和水果分别为1.830和0.519 mg/kg),其膳食暴露风险仍属于可接受水平。对膳食暴露的贡献率分析结果显示,蔬菜类食品仍是浙江居民毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯膳食暴露的主要来源,控制蔬菜 中毒死蜱和氯氰菊酯残留是降低这2种农药膳食暴露风险的关键。

On the long-term dietary exposure and its risk assessment of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin for the residents in Zhejiang Province

Based on the monitoring data of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin residue in agricultural products in 2007－2008,the intake of varieties of foods and body weight of different population in Zhejiang Province,the long-term dietary exposure risk levels of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in 20 different age and sex groups are estimated with the distribution point estimation method.The result showed that the chronic risk level of chlorpyrifos is much low for different age and sex groups in Zhejiang,and the unacceptable risk would be resulted only when the residue exceeding 99th percentile of the monitoring data (vegetable,fruit and rice is 0.395,0.165 and 0.011 mg/kg,respectively) in long time.The risk level of cypermethrin is lower than chlorpyrifos,and acceptable even the residue of the great mass of his food arrived at maximum of the monitoring data ( vegetable and fruit is 1.830 and 0.519 mg/kg,respectively).Vegetable is shown to be main source of dietary exposure of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin for the residents in Zhejiang Province,and the key point to decrease the exposure is to control the residue of chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin in vegetables (especially in greengrocery,celery and Chinese cabbage).