新疆海岛棉XH16体细胞胚发生体系的优化和细胞学观察

体胚发生率低是制约海岛棉体细胞胚发生体系应用的瓶颈之一。为提高体细胞胚胎发生率,本研究以新疆海岛棉品种XH16胚性愈伤为实验材料,从植物凝胶、培养基pH值、氨基酸含量、光照强度4个方面进行海岛棉体细胞胚胎发生诱导条件的优化。结果表明,当植物凝胶的工作浓度为2.0 g/L,培养基pH值为6.5,天门冬酰胺为0.5 g/L,谷氨酰胺为1 g/L,光照强度为3000 lx时,XH16体胚诱导率最高。此外,本研究通过显微镜技术观察体胚发生不同阶段细胞组织的形态结构,初步探讨了海岛棉体胚发生机制。本研究结果为后期借助体胚发生体系进行海岛棉分子育种工作奠定了基础。

Optimization of Somatic Embryogenesis and Cytological Observation of Xinjiang Gossypium Barbadense XH16

The low rate of somatic embryos is one of the bottlenecks restricting the application of somatic embryogenesis system in Gossypium barbadense.In order to improve the rate of somatic embryogenesis,the embryogenic callus of Xinjiang Gossypium barbadense XH16 was used as experimental material to optimize the induction conditions of somatic embryogenesis in Gossypium hirsutum L.from four aspects:plant gel,pH value,amino acid content and light intensity.The results showed that when the concentration of plant gel was 2 g/L,the pH value of culture medium was 6.5,asparagine was 0.5 g/L,glutamine was 1 g/L,and light intensity was 3000 lx,the induction rate of XH16 was the highest.In addition,the morphological structure of cell tissue in different stages of somatic embryogenesis was observed by microscope,and the mechanism of somatic embryogenesis of Gossypium hirsutum was preliminarily discussed.The results of this study laid a foundation for molecular breeding of island cotton with the help of somatic embryogenesis system.