河北省小麦重要农艺性状的KASP标记检测

为了将分子标记技术尽快应用到小麦育种工作中,利用高通量KASP (Kompetitive allele specific PCR)标记检测了河北省153份审定小麦品种的光周期、春化、株高、粒重、穗发芽、抗旱和抗病相关基因。结果表明在Ppd-B1和Ppd-D1光周期位点分别检测到24个和5个光周期不敏感品种。Vrn-D1b春化基因占比45.1%,Vrn-A1位点3个标记检测春化基因占比分别是0.7%,6.5%和6.5%。株高基因中Rht-B1位点2个标记检测矮杆基因占比分别是41.2%和7.2%,Rht-D1b矮杆基因占比35.9%。TaSus2-2B、TaGs3-D1、TaCKX-D1、TaGASR7-A1、TaCwi-4A、TaCwi-5D、TaMoc-A1和TaTGW6是与粒重有关的8个基因,优异等位变异占比分别是22.9%、58.8%、57.5%、7.2%、66.0%、100%、29.4%和89.5%。控制穗发芽基因TaPHS1、TaMFT-A1和TaVp1B1各开发2个KASP标记,检测抗穗发芽基因占比分别是54.9%和53.6%、64.7%和89.5%、56.2%和2.6%,控制穗发芽基因TaSdr-B1位点优异等位变异占比25.5%。两个与抗旱相关的基因TaDREB-B1和Ta1-feh w3优异等位变异占比分别是49.0%和39.9%。抗叶锈病基因Lr14a和Lr68优异等位变异占比分别是41.8%和26.8%;Lr34基因开发了2个KASP标记,仅一个标记检测Lr34抗性基因,占比0.7%;Lr15抗条锈病基因占比2.0%;Fhb抗赤霉病基因占比3.9%;抗小麦黄斑叶枯病基因Tsn1占比63.4%。综上所述,KASP标记高效检测小麦重要农艺性状的优异等位变异,在河北省小麦重要农艺性状改良方面将有良好的应用前景。

Detection of Important Agronomic Traits Genes with KASP Markers in Wheat in Hebei Province

In order to apply molecular marker technology to wheat breeding as soon as possible,the genes related to photoperiod,vernalization,plant height,grain weight,spike germination,drought resistance and disease resistance of 153 authorized wheat varieties in Hebei Province were detected by high-throughput KASP(Kompetitive allele specific PCR).The results showed that 24 and 5 photoperiod-insensitive varieties were detected by Ppd-B1 and Ppd-D1,respectively.Vernalization genes Vrn-D1 b accounted for 45.1%,and the favourable allele detected with three markers at Vrn-A1 locus was 0.7%,6.5%and 6.5%respectively.The percentage of dwarf genes detected by two markers at Rht-B1 locus was 41.2%and 7.2%,respectively,and that of Rht-D1 locus was 35.9%.Grain weight related genes including TaSus2-2 B,TaGs3-D1,TaCKX-D1,TaGASR7-A1,TaCwi-4 A,TaCwi-5 D,TaMoc-A1 and TaTGW6 were detected by KASP markers,and the proportion of favourable allele was 22.9%,58.8%,57.5%,7.2%,66.0%,100%,29.4%and 89.5%,respectively.Two KASP markers were developed in each TaPHS1,TaMFT-A1 and TaVp1 B1 gene controlling spike germination.The favourable allele percentages of TaPHS1,TaMFT-A1 and TaVp1 B1 were 54.9%and 53.6%,64.7%and 89.5%,and 56.2%and 2.6%respectively.The percentages of favourable alleles of TaSdr-B1 controlling spike germination were 25.5%.Two drought-related genes,TaDREB-B1 and Ta1-feh w3,were detected and the favourable allele accounted for 49.0%and 39.9%respectively.The resistance genes to leaf rust of Lr14 a and Lr68 accounted for 41.8%and 26.8%respectively.Two KASP markers were developed for the Lr34 gene,only one can detect the Lr34 resistance gene,accounting for0.7%.The resistance genes to stripe rust of Yr15 accounted for only 2.0%.The favourable allele of Fhb1 for fusarium head blight resistance accounted for 3.9%.The resistance gene Tsn1 to wheat macular blight accounted for 63.4%.In summary,KASP markers can be used to detect the favourable allele of important agronomic characters in wheat,which will have good application prospects on these traits of wheat in Hebei Province.