中国和外来杨属种质资源

介绍了中国天然分布和从国外引进的杨属(PopulusL.)种质资源。总结了中国天然分布的杨属种质资源的派别、种类、分布范围和分布特点。在中国杨属5派中,以青杨派(Tacamahaca)种类最多,白杨派(Populus,以前称Leuce)分布最为广泛,黑杨派(Aigeiros)最具经济价值。将中国杨属树种引种历史划分为解放前的零星引种时期、50年代至80年代的以引进国外培育成功的优良品种为主时期和90年代后注重种质资源引进时期三个阶段,介绍了每个阶段的引种特点和引进的种质资源。在过去50年种,中国天然分布的白杨派和引进的黑杨派(Aigeiros)种质资源在中国的杨树栽培和育种中发挥了巨大作用。

Genetic Resources of Poplar (Populus L.) of both Native and Exotic Origins in China

The paper summarizes the poplar genetic resources of both native and exotic origins in China.Poplar species in five sections(Populus,Tacamahaca,Aigeiros,Leucoides andTuranga) andtheir geographic distributionin China areintroduced.Amongthefive sectionsin genusPopulus,Tacamahaca(collectively known asthe balsampoplar) isthe largest collection,including a number of 34 species native toChina,Populus(white poplar and aspen) isthe most widely distributed,and Aigeiros(black poplar and cottonwood) is of great commercialsignificance.Three phases in introducing theexotic poplar resources have been divided based on the chronicle and characteristics of eachphase.Introduced poplar resources(species and hydrids)in each phase have been presented.Native poplar species in section Populus andintroduced poplar species in section Aigeiros have played an important role in both poplar cultivation and breedingin China in the last fiftyyears.