江苏省如皋市土壤微量元素含量动态变化分析及有效性评价

对江苏省如皋市土壤中主要微量元素的环境地球化学特征空间分布及动态变化分析表明，如皋市土壤中的铁元素总含量较为丰富，铜元素略低，锌、锰元素严重缺乏。土壤中有效铜、有效铁、有效硼含量比较丰富，但分布极不均匀。土壤微量元素的有效性与成土母质关系密切。部分土壤锰、锌缺乏原因是土壤中总量不足，而且两元素活化率较低。土壤理化性状及不同农业利用方式对有效态含量的影响明显大于来源于母质的影响。近20年来随着土壤有机质的逐步提高和微量元素肥料投入量的增长，锰、锌、铜有效态含量大幅度上升，含量小于临界值的面积大幅度减少。土壤pH值、有机质对土壤微量元素的有效性有着重要的影响。有效铁、有效锌与土壤pH值呈显著负相关；有机质与土壤锌、铜、锰、铁、硼的有效态含量呈极显著正相关。

Dynamic Analysis and Availability Appraisal of Trace Element Contents in Soil of Rugao, Jiangsu

The spatial distribution and dynamic change of main trace elements in soil of Rugao City of Jiangsu Province were studied. The results showed that the total content of Fe element in the soil is comparatively abundant, Cu element is slightly low, but both Zn and Mn elements are seriously deficient. The available Cu, available Fe and available B in the soil are relatively rich, though their distribution is extremely uneven. The availability of trace elements in the soil is closely related to soil-forming materials. The reason of lacking Mn and Zn in part of the soil is that the total contents of them in the soil are insufficient. Moreover, their activation rates are rather low. The physicochemical properties of soil and the modes of using soil have greater effects on available contents of soil trace elements than the soil-forming materials. Of late 20 years the contents of available Mn, Zn and Cu in the soil have increased by a big margin and the area in which the contents are less than critical values has decreased substantially with the organic matter content and the micronutrient fertilizer input increasing. The pH value and organic matter in soil have an important effect on the availability of soil trace elements. There is a significant negative correlation between available Fe and Zn and pH, and a very significant positive correlation between organic matter and contents of available Zn, Cu, Mn, Fe and B.