林用除草剂草甘膦的环境行为及生态风险研究进展

林业除草是营林生产过程的重要环节，美国孟山都公司研发的林用除草剂草甘膦以其杀草广谱、内吸传导性强的优势在林业生产中被广泛采用。然而随着草甘膦的过量使用，残留在林地土壤中的草甘膦势必增加，不仅作用于靶生物以防除杂草，而且对非把生物也产生影响，导致林地生态系统结构改变，功能遭受破坏。近年来，虽然国内外学者对草甘膦在农业应用的环境行为和生态风险进行了大量研究，但对于草甘膦在林业上的研究鲜见报道。文中从草甘膦的除草机理、在林地土壤中的环境行为、林用生态风险以及合理使用等方面综述了草甘膦在林业应用中的研究进展，以期为人工林经营过程中草甘膦的合理使用提供科学参考。

Research Progress on Environmental Behavior and Ecological Risk of Glyphosate in Forestry

Forest weeding is an important part of forestry operation and production. Glyphosate, developed by US biotech company Monsanto in 1974, has been widely used in forest to prevent grass and shrub competition with planted seedlings around the world as a non-selective, broad spectrum, systemic and strongly conductive herbicide. With the over consumption of glyphosate, glyphosate left in forest soil has increased in volume, which not only prevent the target organism from growing but also have negative effects on non-target organism. This leads to the change of forest ecosystem structure and the damaged function. In recent years, quite a few scholars have conducted researches on the environment behavior and ecological risks of glyphosate in its agriculture application, but the application of glyphosate in forestry has rarely been reported. The paper reviewed the application of glyphosate in forestry with the focus on the weeding mechanism of glyphosate, its environment behavior in forest soil, ecological risk in forest and its reasonable use, which would provide scientific basis for the wise use of glyphosate in forest plantation management.