气候因子对豫南夏玉米生长发育的影响

通过对豫南地区典型代表性的驻马店市夏玉米主要生育时段近30 a气象资料分析,认为该区热量资源丰富,能基本满足夏玉米生长发育的需要,但波动性较大,缺乏稳定性。降水时空分布极不均匀,干旱、洪涝和渍害频发是玉米高产的主要限制因子。光照条件基本能满足夏玉米生长发育需要,但仍显不足,尤其灌浆期的光照不足对玉米高产影响较大。光、温、水在该区玉米高产中的限制作用由大到小依次为降水-光照-温度。同时从品种选育与利用、农田基础设施改造、田间管理和种植比例的调整等方面提出了应对措施,为促进豫南地区夏玉米生产提供了一定的科学依据。

Effects of Climatic Factors on Growth and Development of Maize in Southern Henan Province

Analysis of 30a meteorological data of maize growth period in Zhunmadian,typical representative of southern Henan province,showed that heat resource was rich in the area and met the needs of maize growth and development,but it was volatile.Precipitation was unevenly distributed and drought,frequent floods and water lodging were major limiting factors in maize production.Light could basically meet the needs of maize growth and development,but still insufficient.The lack of light at filling stage greatly affected maize yield.Limiting effects on maize production was precipitation>light>temperature.From the aspects of breeding and utilization,farmland infrastructure improvement,farm management and cultivation adjustment,aproposal was presented to promote maize production in southern Henan province.