影响小麦幼穗组织培养特性基因的染色体定位

为了研究影响小麦幼穗组织培养特性的遗传规律，选用具有优良的组织培养特性的小麦品种(系)R1395和多花白与中国春小麦单体系列杂交，探讨了影响小麦组织培养特性如半愈期、成根愈率和成芽愈率的基因的染色体定位。结果表明，半愈期、成根愈率、成芽愈率等组织培养特性均显示了受多基因控制的倾向，但存在着主效基因的作用。染色体1D、1B、和5A对半愈期有显著的影响，其中1D染色体的作用最强；染色体3B、3D、2A和1D对成根愈率有显著的影响；染色体2B、2D和3A对成芽愈率有显著的影响，其中2B和2D显示了促进的作用，而3A表现了抑制的作用。

Chromosomal Location of Genes Influencing Immature Inflorescence Culture Capacity in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

A local wheat variety of Duohuabai and a advanced line from our wheat breeding (program) were found to onesent excellent response in tissue culture. The genes affecting immature inflorescence culture of these (variety) and line were detected by means of monosomic analysis. The result suggested that (polygenic) (control) (presented) in tissue culture capacity because of a large range of variation found among the tested monosomic (hybrid) plants. Although the (control) of tissue culture capacity in the (present) study was (polygenic), effect of (major) genes on some (chromosomes) was observed. The result indicated that the major genes for the days of (callusing) at 50% were (located) on wheat (chromosomes) 1D, 1B, and 5A , in which the gene(s) on 1D (chromosome) (contributed) the most strong effect. The genes for the rate of (calli) of root formation were (located) on (chromosomes) 3B, 3D, 2A and 1D. The genes for the rate of (calli) of shoot formation were (located) on (chromosomes) 2B, 2D and 3A, in which the genes on 2B and 2D (presented) (promoting) effect and the genes on 3A presented a (suppressive) effect.