淄博市近40年降水及气温时空特征分析

利用淄博市1966～2005年的历年逐月降水和气温资料,应用趋势分析等气候诊断方法和墨西哥帽小波变换分析方法,对淄博市五区三县的降水及气温时空变化特征进行了分析。结果表明,淄博市的降水和气温随着年代际发生变化,降水量以平均每年1.5mm的速度缓慢增加,且存在32年、25～29年、10～23年和准5年的多尺度振荡周期,明显的突变点在1977和1995年,1977年之前和1995年之后降水偏多,1977～1995年降水偏少;年平均气温以0.48℃/10a的速度上升,且存在21～32年、17～21年、9～13年和2～3年的多尺度振荡周期,明显的突变点在1991年,之前,气温偏冷,之后气温偏暖。淄博市的降水和气温在地域分布上存在较大差异,降水自南向北呈递减趋势,气温则呈南、北低,中部高,可分为南部型、中部型、北部型3个型。

Characteristics of 40a Precipitation and Temperature in Zibo City

The spatial and temporal characteristics were analyzed using the 40a monthly precipitation and temperature data of Zibo City and by means of trend analysis method and mexico wavelet.The results showed that the precipitation slowly increased at the rate of 1.5 mm yearly,and existed multi-period of oscillation,for example,32a,25-29a,10-23a and 5a period.Meanwhile,abrupt points were showed in 1977 and 1995,and the abundance precipitation year was before 1977 and after 1995,and the precipitation was scarce during 1977 and 1995.The yearly average temperature increased at the rate of 0.48 ℃/10a,and temperature pattern showed multi-period of oscillation,for example,21a-32a,17-21a,9-13a and 2-3a period.In addition,an abrupt point wad showed in 1991.The temperature was colder before 1991,and warmer after 1991.The result also indicated that the precipitation and temperature of Zibo City exists the greater spatial difference.i.e.precipitation decreased from south to north,and temperature in the middle of Zibo City was higher than the ones in the south and the north.Three temperature pattern of south,north and middle were given out.