几个春小麦品种(系)籽粒蛋白质含量及其它性状杂种优势和配合力研究

采用Ｇｒｉｆｉｎｇ完全双列杂交分析方法对８个春小麦品种（系）（４个高蛋白材料，４个大穗丰产性材料）的蛋白质含量及其它性状的杂种优势和配合力进行了研究。结果表明，蛋白质含量、收获指数、平均穗粒数、平均穗粒重、有效小穗数和穗长具有较强的正向优势，株高以负向优势为主。高蛋白品系“１０３２”在株高性状上具有较强的致矮性，其它被研究性状的ＧＣＡ效应值高；“中８１３１”具有较强的致矮性和很高的蛋白质含量ＧＣＡ效应值；高蛋白品系“Ｆ９３－４８６”各性状ＧＣＡ效应值也较高；丰产性品系“９３－１０３７”一般配合力较高。

The Heterosis and Combining Ability of Grain Protein Content and Other Agronomic Characters of Everal China Spring Wheat Varieties

The Heterosis and combining ability of grain protein content and other agronomic characters were investigated with 7 characters and 8 spring wheat varieties or lines including 4 high protein content and 4 high yield ones based on the complete dilate cross. The result indicated that protein content,harvest index, numbers of grains per ear,dry weight of grains per ear, spikelet number per ear and ear length had higher positive heterosis, and plant height had negative heterosis.Among three lines with high protein content,i e “1032”, 8131”,negative Heterosis. Among three lines with high protein content ,i.e. “1032”,“Zhong 8131”,“F 93 486 ”, line“1032” and “Zhong 8131” had very significant effect on reduction of the plant high, whereas other characters of “1032” and all ones of “F93 486” showed considerame general combing ability ( GCA). Moreover “Zhong 8131” expressed very much high GCA of the protein content.“93 1037”, as a high yield line, displayed higher GCA on all the characters tested. These lines as were mentioned above could be regarded as an excellent parents for breeding and producing hybrids towards high protein and high yield in wheat.