参考蒸发蒸腾仪的研制及其应用研

根据植物的蒸腾机理与土壤的蒸发机制，利用生物膜技术，研制了参考蒸发蒸腾仪。该仪器可很好地模拟土壤蒸发与植物蒸腾的自然物理过程。从理论上对仪器直接测定法与Penman-Monteith法、蒸发皿法进行了对比分析。在应用试验上，利用蒸渗仪值对三种方法进行了校核，结果表明：仪器直接测定法的精度稍差于Penman-Monteith法，但较蒸发皿法有很大提高。仪器使用方便、维护简单、价格低廉，易为我国普遍存在的经济与文化水平不高的农民用户所接受，将有良好的商品化开发及广阔的市场应用前景。

Development and Application of A Reference Evapotranspiration Instrument

An instrument to measure reference evapotranspiration directly is developed by using the technology of biological membrane, according to the mechanisms of plant transpiration and soil evaporation. The instrument developed can simulate the physical procedure of soil evaporation and plant transpiration. The results measured by the instrument were compared with those of the Penman-Monteith formula and the pan evaporation theoretically. Through comparison of the results with those of lysimeter for practical use, the conclusions were drawn that the precision of the instrument was lower than that of the Penman-Monteith formula, but much higher than the pan evaporation. The instrument developed is easy to use, simple to maintain, and at low price, which is suited to most Chinese farmers who are generally at a low level of economy and culture. Therefore, the instrument will have good prospect in market.