山东小麦灌水和播期对高产节水的影响

摘 要：山东鲁西北地区小麦生产中灌溉水次数和播期是影响小麦产量的主要因素，而区域灌溉水资源比较缺乏，为了使有限资源充分增产小麦产量，设计并进行小麦灌水次数和小麦播期的研究。试验采取3个播期和5个灌水模式设计，5年的定位试验。结果表明：播期对小麦产量和水分利用效率影响不显著，灌水是影响小麦产量的主要因素。灌水3次产量最高，灌水2次产量次之，灌水1次产量最低；灌水量越灌水多，水分利用效率越低；综合产量和水分利用效率效果，建议冬小麦灌水3次（枯水年）或2次（丰水年）。

Wheat Irrigation and Sowing Time in Shandong: Effects on High Yield and Water Saving

The main factors affecting wheat yield are irrigation water frequency and sowing date in wheat production in northwest Shandong province, but the regional irrigation water resources are scarce. In order to make the limited resources fully increase wheat yield, The experiment was designed and studied on irrigation times and sowing time of wheat. Three sowing periods and five irrigation modes were adopted in the experiment. The results showed that the effect of sowing date on wheat yield and water use efficiency was not significant, and irrigation was the main factor affecting wheat yield. The highest yield of irrigation was 3 times, followed by 2 times of irrigation, and the lowest of 1 time of irrigation, The more water is irrigated, the lower the water use efficiency is. According to the effect of yield and water use efficiency, it is suggested that winter wheat should be irrigated 3 times (dry year) or 2 times (high water year).