云南甜龙竹和黄竹种子灭菌条件和萌发特性初步研究

目的]筛选云南甜龙竹和黄竹种子最佳表面灭菌条件,研究其萌发特性。[方法]筛选NaClO(2%、3%、4%)与HgCl_2(0.01%、0.1%)最佳消毒浓度组合;采用流水冲洗时间(6、12、18 h)、2%NaClO浸泡时间(5、10、15 min)和0.1%Hg Cl_2浸泡时间(5、10、15 min),设计正交试验实验,探讨2种竹种最佳表面灭菌处理的时间组合,并对竹种分别在滤纸、MS培养基以及经3 mg·L~(-1)GA_3浸泡后在MS培养基上的发芽率进行了探讨。[结果]NaClO、Hg Cl_2最佳消毒浓度组合为2%NaClO+0.1%HgCl_2;2种竹种最佳表面灭菌时间组合均为:流水冲洗6 h、2%Na Cl O浸泡10min、0.1%HgCl_2浸泡15 min,经此处理后云南甜龙竹和黄竹的发芽率分别为84.4%、72.2%,污染率分别为18.7%、29.6%。不同处理种子萌发率差异t检验结果显示:2种竹子种子是否经过3 mg·L~(-1)GA_3浸泡,对其在MS培养基上的发芽率无显著影响,但种子在MS培养基上的发芽率显著高于滤纸上的发芽率。经相同处理黄竹的发芽率均低于云南甜龙竹。[结论]云南甜龙竹、黄竹最佳表面灭菌组合均为:流水冲洗6 h、2%NaClO浸泡10 min、0.1%HgCl_2浸泡15 min;3 mg·L~(-1)GA_3浸泡处理对云南甜龙竹和黄竹种子在MS培养基上的发芽率无显著影响,但MS培养基上种子的发芽率显著高于其在滤纸上的发芽率。

Optimum Sterilization Conditions and Germination Characteristics of Dendrocalamus brandisii and D. membranaceus Seeds

[Objective] To study the best surface sterilization conditions and germination characteristics of Dendrocalamus brandisii (Munro) Kurz and D. membranaceus Munro seed.[Method] NaClO (1%, 2%, 3%) and HgCl₂ (0.01%, 0.1%) were used to sterilize the seeds of the two species so as to find out the most suitable combination of disinfectant conditions. Three factors,namely the water flushing time (6, 12, 18 h), 2% NaClO soaking time (5, 10, 15 min) and 0.1% HgCl₂ soaking time (5, 10, 15 min), were used to design the experiments by the L₉ (3⁴) orthogonal table for selecting the best treatment combination. The seed germination rates using filter medium, MS medium and MS medium after soaked in 3 mg·L^-1 GA₃ were investigated respectively.[Result] The optimum combination of disinfectant conditions was 2% NaClO+0.1% HgCl₂. The best sterilization treatment combination for these two bamboos seeds were:6 h water flushing time, 10 min 2% NaClO soaking time and 15 min 0.1% HgCl₂ soaking time. After treated, the germination rates of D. brandisii and D. membranaceus seeds were 84.4% and 72.2% respectively, and the pollution rate of the seeds were 18.7% and 29.6% respectively. The results of t test showed that no significant difference was found in germination rate of D. brandisii seeds between on MS medium and on MS medium after seeds soaked in 3 mg·L^-1 GA₃,the germination rate reached 85.6% and 84.4%, respectively. However, the seed germination rate on two MS mediums were significantly higher than that on filter paper (71.1%). The seed germination rate of D. membranaceus was lower than that of D. brandisii, and also displayed similar germination rule for three mediums.[Conclusion] The best sterilization treatment combination for D. brandisii and D. membranaceus seeds are:6 h water flushing time, 10 min 2% NaClO soaking time and 15 min 0.1% HgCl₂ soaking time. There is no significant difference in germination rate of D. brandisii and D. membranaceus seeds between on MS medium and on MS medium after seeds soaked in 3 mg·L^-1 GA₃. However, the seed germination rate on two MS mediums were significantly higher than that on filter paper.