杜洛克猪70～115 kg体重阶段饲料转化效率的遗传参数估计

采用单性状混合模型和多性状混合模型估计了568头体重为70～115 kg的杜洛克猪的饲料转化效率的遗传力及其与生长性状的遗传相关。结果表明,料重比(feed conversation ratio,FCR)和剩余采食量(residual feed intake,RFI)的遗传力分别为0.38和0.20。饲料转化效率性状之间的遗传相关较高(0.90)。FCR与各生长性状间表型相关及遗传相关都高于RFI与生长性状间的相关,尤其是FCR与日增重之间的相关为-0.47。RFI与所有生长性状的表型相关都接近于0,与背膘厚(back fat,BF)呈一定的正遗传相关(0.15),与眼肌面积(loin eye area,LEA)和瘦肉量(lean meat content,LMC)呈较高的负相关(-0.37和-0.48),与日增重之间的相关则接近于0。综上,杜洛克猪70～115 kg体重饲料转化效率指标具有中高等遗传力,与生长性状有一定的遗传相关,尤其是FCR,因此使用该阶段测定数据计算FCR或RFI是合理可行的。

Genetic parameters for feed efficiency in 70-115 kg Duroc pigs

The heritability of feed efficiency,and genetic correlation coefficients between feed efficiency and other growth traits of 568 pigs(70-115 kg) were estimated using multivariate linear mixed model.The results showed thatthe heritabilities of residual feed intake(RFI) and feed conversation ratio(FCR) were 0.20 and 0.38,respectively.The genetic correlation coefficients between pairs of feed efficiency traits were high(0.90).The phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients between FCR and growth traits were higher than those between RFI and growth traits,especially between FCR and average daily gain(ADG) were -0.47.The phenotypic correlation coefficients between RFI and growth traits were close to 0,while RFI was positively correlated to backfat thickness(BF)(0.15) and negatively correlated to loin eye area(-0.37) and lean meat content(-0.48).The phenotypic and genetic correlation coefficients between RFI and ADG were both close to zero.In conclusion,RFI in the period of 70-115 kg was moderately heritable.The correlation coefficients between feed efficiency and growth traits were visible.Therefore,our study validated its feasibility of calculation of RFI or FCR within the period of 70-115 kg.