旱作春小麦籽粒形成与灌浆特性

为了给旱地春小麦高产栽培提供依据,对内蒙古赤峰林东旱作地区春小麦籽粒建成及灌浆特性进行了观察和分析。结果表明,籽粒体积和含水量呈单峰曲线变化,籽粒干物质积累量符合“S”型曲线变化。开花后13-27d是小麦籽粒灌浆直线增长阶段,籽粒含水量相对平稳,籽粒重量直线增长,此期干物质积累量的占粒重的78%,为小麦产量形成的关键时期;不同农艺栽培措施对籽粒形成具有显著影响,只有密度适宜,氯、磷、钾三要素适量配施,才能提高灌浆强度,促进籽粒体积增大,增加粒重,获得高产。

Characters of Grain Formation and Filling of Spring Wheat under Dry Farming

The experiement was conducted to study the characters of grain formation and filling of spring wheat under dry farming condition. The result showed that the water content and grain volume changed as a curve with a single peak, and a "S " curve could be used to describe the dry matter accumulation of grain. There was a linear increasing phas of grain filling and weight during the period from 13 d to 27 d after flowering. During this period, the water ontent of grain stably increased, and the amount of dry matter accumulation in grain was 78% of total grain .veight. Therefore, the period was key for yield formation. The filling strength, grain voulme, grain weight nd yield were bigger under a proper density and proper combination of N, P, K, because cultivation measures signifiantly affected grain formation.