内源脱落酸生理作用机制及其与苜蓿耐旱性关系研究进展

随着全球气候的恶化,水资源短缺等生态问题日益严重。在这样的背景下,作物的耐旱性研究成为人们研究的热点之一。脱落酸(ABA)作为胁迫激素,在植物干旱胁迫响应中发挥着重要而广泛的作用。植物细胞中,ABA通过2-甲基-D-赤藓糖-4-磷酸(2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phosphate, MEP)途径合成,并最终与相应的受体结合并通过一系列的信号转导控制气孔关闭,或者通过其他通路调节胁迫相关的基因表达。紫花苜蓿是栽培广泛且品质优良的豆科牧草,干旱胁迫下苜蓿中脱落酸(ABA)会发生积累;同时,ABA水平的升高与苜蓿主根贮藏蛋白动态、基因表达以及一些渗透调节物质的积累密切相关。ABA与苜蓿耐旱性关系的研究正在逐渐深入,这些研究将深化人们对苜蓿耐旱机理的认识,并对苜蓿的育种具有深远影响。

Progress in understanding relationships between the physiological mechanisms of endogenous abscisic acid and drought resistance of alfalfa

The shortage of water resources and related ecological crises due to climate change make the drought resistance of crops an important research topic.As a plant stress hormone,abscisic acid (ABA)plays an im-portant role in drought stress response.Abscisic acid is synthesized from the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol-4-phos-phate (MEP)pathway.Through binding with its receptor,ABA controls stomatal closure by a series of signal transductions and/or regulates stress-related gene expression through other pathways.Alfalfa (Medicago sati-va )is a high-performing legume that is widely cultivated for forage.Under conditions of drought stress,ABA accumulates in alfalfa and is closely related to vegetative protein storage in the tap root,gene expression and a range of osmolyte responses.Research on the relationship between ABA and drought resistance in alfalfa is un-der development.This research will assist understanding drought resistance mechanisms in alfalfa and will have profound influences on the breeding of alfalfa cultivars.